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Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have accelerated their application to indoor safety hazards assessment. However, existing benchmarks suffer from three fundamental limitations: (1) heavy reliance on synthetic datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Qiucheng Yu , Ruijie Xu , Mingang Chen , Xuequan Lu , Jianfeng Dong , Chaochao Lu , Xin Tan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have intensified the need to understand and reliably curb their harmful behaviours. We introduce a multidimensional framework for probing and steering harmful content in model internals. For…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 McNair Shah , Saleena Angeline , Adhitya Rajendra Kumar , Naitik Chheda , Kevin Zhu , Vasu Sharma , Sean O'Brien , Will Cai

Hazard, as an abstract concept, is typically defined through cognitive-level logical reasoning rather than concrete examples. In contrast, existing hazard detection systems rely on predefined hazard categories and require intensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Stephanie Ng , CP Lim , SueJen Looi , Hendrik Zurlinden , David Nguyen , Lei Wei , Saeid Nahavandi , Hailing Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential as general-purpose AI assistants in various domains. To meet the requirements of different applications, LLMs are often customized by further fine-tuning. However, the powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Xin Zhou , Yi Lu , Ruotian Ma , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

We present a vision-language model (VLM) that automatically edits website HTML to address violations of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2 (WCAG2) while preserving the original design. We formulate this as a supervised…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Amber Yijia Zheng , Jae Joong Lee , Bedrich Benes , Raymond A. Yeh

This work focuses on the potential of Vision LLMs (VLLMs) in visual reasoning. Different from prior studies, we shift our focus from evaluating standard performance to introducing a comprehensive safety evaluation suite, covering both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Haoqin Tu , Chenhang Cui , Zijun Wang , Yiyang Zhou , Bingchen Zhao , Junlin Han , Wangchunshu Zhou , Huaxiu Yao , Cihang Xie

Meme-based social abuse detection is challenging because harmful intent often relies on implicit cultural symbolism and subtle cross-modal incongruence. Prior approaches, from fusion-based methods to in-context learning with Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sahil Tripathi , Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Mehwish Nasim , Jian Yang , Jiechao Gao , Usman Naseem

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have gained considerable prominence in recent years due to their remarkable capability to effectively integrate and process both textual and visual information. This integration has significantly enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Aobotao Dai , Xinyu Ma , Lei Chen , Songze Li , Lin Wang

Several large-scale video datasets have been published these years and have advanced the area of video understanding. However, the newly emerged user-generated short-form videos have rarely been studied. This paper presents USV, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Haoyue Cheng , Su Xu , Liwei Jin , Wayne Wu , Chen Qian , Limin Wang

The proliferation of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) introduces profound privacy risks from personal videos. This paper addresses the critical yet unexplored inferential privacy threat, the risk of inferring sensitive personal attributes over…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Shuning Zhang , Zhaoxin Li , Changxi Wen , Ying Ma , Simin Li , Gengrui Zhang , Ziyi Zhang , Yibo Meng , Hantao Zhao , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models for video understanding (videoLLMs) have enhanced their capacity to process complex spatiotemporal data. However, challenges such as factual inaccuracies, harmful content, biases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Youze Wang , Zijun Chen , Ruoyu Chen , Shishen Gu , Wenbo Hu , Jiayang Liu , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Meng Wang , Richang Hong

Privacy protection has become a critical requirement in the era of ubiquitous visual data sharing, imposing higher demands on efficient and robust privacy detection algorithms. However, current robust detection models are severely hindered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaobin Hu , Enpu Zuo , Lanping Hu , Kaiwen Yang , Dianshu Liao , Tianyi Zhang , Bo Yin , Yinsi Zhou , Shidong Pan , Xiaoyu Sun

Understanding surveillance video content remains a critical yet underexplored challenge in vision-language research, particularly due to its real-world complexity, irregular event dynamics, and safety-critical implications. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Bo Liu , Pengfei Qiao , Minhan Ma , Xuange Zhang , Yinan Tang , Peng Xu , Kun Liu , Tongtong Yuan

The troubling rise of hallucination presents perhaps the most significant impediment to the advancement of responsible AI. In recent times, considerable research has focused on detecting and mitigating hallucination in Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Anku Rani , Vipula Rawte , Harshad Sharma , Neeraj Anand , Krishnav Rajbangshi , Amit Sheth , Amitava Das

Steel surface defect analysis is critical for industrial quality control, yet existing benchmarks rely primarily on label-only annotations, limiting fine-grained semantic understanding and systematic evaluation of vision-language models. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shuxian Zhao , Jie Gui , Baosheng Yu , Dacheng Tao

Diagrams are widely used to visualize data in publications. The research field of data visualization deals with defining principles and guidelines for the creation and use of these diagrams, which are often not known or adhered to by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Johannes Rückert , Louise Bloch , Christoph M. Friedrich

The visual world around us constantly evolves, from real-time news and social media trends to global infrastructure changes visible through satellite imagery and augmented reality enhancements. However, Multimodal Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mingyang Fu , Yuyang Peng , Dongping Chen , Zetong Zhou , Benlin Liu , Yao Wan , Zhou Zhao , Philip S. Yu , Ranjay Krishna

In an effort to mitigate the harms of large language models (LLMs), learning from human feedback (LHF) has been used to steer LLMs towards outputs that are intended to be both less harmful and more helpful. Despite the widespread adoption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Khaoula Chehbouni , Jonathan Colaço Carr , Yash More , Jackie CK Cheung , Golnoosh Farnadi

Visualizations help communicate data insights, but deceptive data representations can distort their interpretation and propagate misinformation. While recent Vision Language Models (VLMs) perform well on many chart understanding tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Harsh Nishant Lalai , Raj Sanjay Shah , Hanspeter Pfister , Sashank Varma , Grace Guo

VLMs (Vision-Language Models) extend the capabilities of LLMs (Large Language Models) to accept multimodal inputs. Since it has been verified that LLMs can be induced to generate harmful or inaccurate content through specific test cases…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Mukai Li , Lei Li , Yuwei Yin , Masood Ahmed , Zhenguang Liu , Qi Liu