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The explosive growth and increasing sophistication of Android malware call for new defensive techniques that are capable of protecting mobile users against novel threats. In this paper, we first extract the runtime Application Programming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Yanfang Ye , Shifu Hou , Lingwei Chen , Jingwei Lei , Wenqiang Wan , Jiabin Wang , Qi Xiong , Fudong Shao

As technology advances, Android malware continues to pose significant threats to devices and sensitive data. The open-source nature of the Android OS and the availability of its SDK contribute to this rapid growth. Traditional malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Saleh J. Makkawy , Michael J. De Lucia , Kenneth E. Barner

The widespread adoption of smartphones dramatically increases the risk of attacks and the spread of mobile malware, especially on the Android platform. Machine learning-based solutions have been already used as a tool to supersede…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Rahim Taheri , Reza Javidan , Mohammad Shojafar , Vinod P , Mauro Conti

Toward robust malware detection, we explore the attack surface of existing malware detection systems. We conduct root-cause analyses of the practical binary-level black-box adversarial malware examples. Additionally, we uncover the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Ahmed Abusnaina , Yizhen Wang , Sunpreet Arora , Ke Wang , Mihai Christodorescu , David Mohaisen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved notable success in tasks such as social and transportation networks. However, recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of GNNs to backdoor attacks, raising significant concerns about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chang Liu , Hai Huang , Yujie Xing , Xingquan Zuo

Machine learning based solutions have been successfully employed for automatic detection of malware on Android. However, machine learning models lack robustness to adversarial examples, which are crafted by adding carefully chosen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Xiao Chen , Chaoran Li , Derui Wang , Sheng Wen , Jun Zhang , Surya Nepal , Yang Xiang , Kui Ren

Due to its open-source nature, the Android operating system has consistently been a primary target for attackers. Learning-based methods have made significant progress in the field of Android malware detection. However, traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Xingyuan Wei , Zijun Cheng , Ning Li , Qiujian Lv , Ziyang Yu , Degang Sun

With the growing pace of using Deep Learning (DL) to solve various problems, securing these models against adversaries has become one of the main concerns of researchers. Recent studies have shown that DL-based malware detectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Omid Kargarnovin , Amir Mahdi Sadeghzadeh , Rasool Jalili

Malware detection in modern computing environments demands models that are not only accurate but also interpretable and robust to evasive techniques. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promise in this domain by modeling rich structural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hossein Shokouhinejad , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Griffin Higgins , Ali A Ghorbani

To cope with the increasing variability and sophistication of modern attacks, machine learning has been widely adopted as a statistically-sound tool for malware detection. However, its security against well-crafted attacks has not only been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Ambra Demontis , Marco Melis , Battista Biggio , Davide Maiorca , Daniel Arp , Konrad Rieck , Igino Corona , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

While graph-based Android malware classifiers achieve over 94% accuracy on standard benchmarks, they exhibit a significant generalization gap under distribution shift, suffering up to 45% performance degradation when encountering unseen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ngoc N. Tran , Anwar Said , Waseem Abbas , Tyler Derr , Xenofon D. Koutsoukos

Android malware detection has been extensively studied using both traditional machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches. While many state-of-the-art detection models, particularly those based on DL, claim superior performance,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Guojun Liu , Doina Caragea , Xinming Ou , Sankardas Roy

Android's security model severely limits the capabilities of anti-malware software. Unlike commodity anti-malware solutions on desktop systems, their Android counterparts run as sandboxed applications without root privileges and are limited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Yun Shen , Gianluca Stringhini

The existing malware classification approaches (i.e., binary and family classification) can barely benefit subsequent analysis with their outputs. Even the family classification approaches suffer from lacking a formal naming standard and an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Qijing Qiao , Ruitao Feng , Sen Chen , Fei Zhang , Xiaohong Li

With the popularity of Android growing exponentially, the amount of malware has significantly exploded. It is arguably one of the most viral problems on mobile platforms. Recently, various approaches have been introduced to detect Android…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Peng Xu

Ransomware constitutes a significant threat to the Android operating system. It can either lock or encrypt the target devices, and victims are forced to pay ransoms to restore their data. Hence, the prompt detection of such attacks has a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Michele Scalas , Davide Maiorca , Francesco Mercaldo , Corrado Aaron Visaggio , Fabio Martinelli , Giorgio Giacinto

Machine learning-based malware detection dominates current security defense approaches for Android apps. However, due to the evolution of Android platforms and malware, existing such techniques are widely limited by their need for constant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Haipeng Cai

The astonishing spread of Android OS, not only in smartphones and tablets but also in IoT devices, makes this operating system a very tempting target for malware threats. Indeed, the latter are expanding at a similar rate. In this respect,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-21 ElMouatez Billah Karbab , Mourad Debbabi , Saed Alrabaee , Djedjiga Mouheb

With over 50 billion downloads and more than 1.3 million apps in the Google official market, Android has continued to gain popularity amongst smartphone users worldwide. At the same time there has been a rise in malware targeting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Suleiman Y. Yerima , Sakir Sezer , Igor Muttik

With the development in the field of smartphones and ever growing base of Internet, various softwares are left prone to many malicious activities like pharming, phishing, ransomware, spam, spoofing, spyware, eavesdropping, etc. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Soumya Sourav , Devashish Khulbe , Naman Kapoor