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The integration of contextual embeddings into the optimization processes of large language models is an advancement in natural language processing. The Context-Aware Neural Gradient Mapping framework introduces a dynamic gradient adjustment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 David Boldo , Lily Pemberton , Gabriel Thistledown , Jacob Fairchild , Felix Kowalski

Instruction tuning has shown promising potential for developing general-purpose AI capabilities by using large-scale pre-trained models and boosts growing research to integrate multimodal information for creative applications. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yihang Zhai , Haixin Wang , Jianlong Chang , Xinlong Yang , Jinan Sun , Shikun Zhang , Qi Tian

Intelligent service robots require the ability to perform a variety of tasks in dynamic environments. Despite the significant progress in robotic grasping, it is still a challenge for robots to decide grasping position when given different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Ming Sun , Yue Gao

Most multimodal large language models (MLLMs) learn language-to-object grounding through causal language modeling where grounded objects are captured by bounding boxes as sequences of location tokens. This paradigm lacks pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yichi Zhang , Ziqiao Ma , Xiaofeng Gao , Suhaila Shakiah , Qiaozi Gao , Joyce Chai

Enabling robots to efficiently search for and identify objects in complex, unstructured environments is critical for diverse applications ranging from household assistance to industrial automation. However, traditional scene representations…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Liding Zhang , Zeqi Li , Kuanqi Cai , Qian Huang , Zhenshan Bing , Alois Knoll

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in various natural language processing tasks such as question answering and machine translation. However, due to the lack of labeled data and the difficulty of manual annotation for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xuan Lin , Long Chen , Yile Wang , Yangyang Chen , Xiangxiang Zeng

A robot operating in unstructured environments must be able to discriminate between different grasping styles depending on the prospective manipulation task. Having a system that allows learning from remote non-expert demonstrations can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Furkan Kaynar , Sudarshan Rajagopalan , Shaobo Zhou , Eckehard Steinbach

Vision-language models such as CLIP have shown impressive capabilities in aligning images and text, but they often struggle with lengthy and detailed text descriptions due to pre-training on short and concise captions. We present FAST-GOAL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hyungyu Choi , Young Kyun Jang , Chanho Eom

Assistive robotic systems endeavour to support those with movement disabilities, enabling them to move again and regain functionality. Main issue with these systems is the complexity of their low-level control, and how to translate this to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Ali Shafti , Pavel Orlov , A. Aldo Faisal

The fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is pivotal for achieving optimal performance across diverse downstream tasks. However, while full fine-tuning delivers superior results, it entails significant computational and resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Yao Liang , Yuwei Wang , Yi Zeng

The remote sensing image intelligence understanding model is undergoing a new profound paradigm shift which has been promoted by multi-modal large language model (MLLM), i.e. from the paradigm learning a domain model (LaDM) shifts to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Linrui Xu , Ling Zhao , Wang Guo , Qiujun Li , Kewang Long , Kaiqi Zou , Yuhan Wang , Haifeng Li

Task-oriented grasping (TOG) is more challenging than simple object grasping because it requires precise identification of object parts and careful selection of grasping areas to ensure effective and robust manipulation. While recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Hao Chen , Takuya Kiyokawa , Weiwei Wan , Kensuke Harada

Combining a vision module inside a closed-loop control system for a \emph{seamless movement} of a robot in a manipulation task is challenging due to the inconsistent update rates between utilized modules. This task is even more difficult in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Huy Hoang Nguyen , Minh Nhat Vu , Florian Beck , Gerald Ebmer , Anh Nguyen , Andreas Kugi

Visual grounding is a ubiquitous building block in many vision-language tasks and yet remains challenging due to large variations in visual and linguistic features of grounding entities, strong context effect and the resulting semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yongfei Liu , Bo Wan , Xiaodan Zhu , Xuming He

Models designed for intelligent process automation are required to be capable of grounding user interface elements. This task of interface element grounding is centred on linking instructions in natural language to their target referents.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Julia Rozanova , Deborah Ferreira , Krishna Dubba , Weiwei Cheng , Dell Zhang , Andre Freitas

Inferring affordable (i.e., graspable) parts of arbitrary objects based on human specifications is essential for robots advancing toward open-vocabulary manipulation. Current grasp planners, however, are hindered by limited vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Teli Ma , Zifan Wang , Jiaming Zhou , Mengmeng Wang , Junwei Liang

Despite remarkable progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), these models still struggle with fine-grained understanding tasks. In this work, we propose Procedurally Generated Tasks (PGT), a simple data-driven framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Rim Assouel , Amir Bar , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

Robotic manipulation systems operating in complex environments rely on perception systems that provide information about the geometry (pose and 3D shape) of the objects in the scene along with other semantic information such as object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Shubham Agrawal , Nikhil Chavan-Dafle , Isaac Kasahara , Selim Engin , Jinwook Huh , Volkan Isler

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have achieved significant zero-shot performance on downstream tasks with various fine-tuning adaptation methods. However, recent studies have proven that adversarial attacks can significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jia-Wei Hai , Yijun Wang , Xiu-Shen Wei

Vision-language retrieval is an important multi-modal learning topic, where the goal is to retrieve the most relevant visual candidate for a given text query. Recently, pre-trained models, e.g., CLIP, show great potential on retrieval…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haojun Jiang , Jianke Zhang , Rui Huang , Chunjiang Ge , Zanlin Ni , Shiji Song , Gao Huang