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Many learning algorithms require categorical data to be transformed into real vectors before it can be used as input. Often, categorical variables are encoded as one-hot (or dummy) vectors. However, this mode of representation can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-29 Jonathan Johannemann , Vitor Hadad , Susan Athey , Stefan Wager

Interpretability methods in NLP aim to provide insights into the semantics underlying specific system architectures. Focusing on word embeddings, we present a supervised-learning method that, for a given domain (e.g., sports, professions),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Natalia Flechas Manrique , Wanqian Bao , Aurelie Herbelot , Uri Hasson

Many NLP tasks require to automatically identify the most significant words in a text. In this work, we derive word significance from models trained to solve semantic task: Natural Language Inference and Paraphrase Identification. Using an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Dávid Javorský , Ondřej Bojar , François Yvon

Similarity query is the family of queries based on some similarity metrics. Unlike the traditional database queries which are mostly based on value equality, similarity queries aim to find targets "similar enough to" the given data objects,…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Yifan Wang

Word embeddings are commonly used as a starting point in many NLP models to achieve state-of-the-art performances. However, with a large vocabulary and many dimensions, these floating-point representations are expensive both in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Julien Tissier , Christophe Gravier , Amaury Habrard

Vector representations of sentences, trained on massive text corpora, are widely used as generic sentence embeddings across a variety of NLP problems. The learned representations are generally assumed to be continuous and real-valued,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Xinyuan Zhang , Qian Yang , Meng Tang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Lawrence Carin

Reporting and providing test sets for harmful bias in NLP applications is essential for building a robust understanding of the current problem. We present a new observation of gender bias in a downstream NLP application: marked attribute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Hillary Dawkins

It has been found that Transformer-based language models have the ability to perform basic quantitative reasoning. In this paper, we propose a method for studying how these models internally represent numerical data, and use our proposal to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Ulme Wennberg , Gustav Eje Henter

Understanding the meaning of words is crucial for many tasks that involve human-machine interaction. This has been tackled by research in Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. Recently, WSD and many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 María G. Buey , Carlos Bobed , Jorge Gracia , Eduardo Mena

Effective item categorization is vital for businesses, enabling the transformation of unstructured datasets into organized categories that streamline inventory management. Despite its importance, item categorization remains highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Anmolika Singh , Yuhang Diao

The application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has achieved a high level of relevance in several areas. In the field of software engineering (SE), NLP applications are based on the classification of similar texts (e.g. software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Eliane Maria De Bortoli Fávero , Dalcimar Casanova

Word embeddings are rich word representations, which in combination with deep neural networks, lead to large performance gains for many NLP tasks. However, word embeddings are represented by dense, real-valued vectors and they are therefore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Andreas Hanselowski , Iryna Gurevych

Recent advances in Deep Learning have led to a significant performance increase on several NLP tasks, however, the models become more and more computationally demanding. Therefore, this paper tackles the domain of computationally efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Pedro Alonso , Kumar Shridhar , Denis Kleyko , Evgeny Osipov , Marcus Liwicki

The rapid development of deep natural language processing (NLP) models for text classification has led to an urgent need for a unified understanding of these models proposed individually. Existing methods cannot meet the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Zhen Li , Xiting Wang , Weikai Yang , Jing Wu , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Hui Zhang , Shixia Liu

Natural language processing for programming aims to use NLP techniques to assist programming. It is increasingly prevalent for its effectiveness in improving productivity. Distinct from natural language, a programming language is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Qingfu Zhu , Xianzhen Luo , Fang Liu , Cuiyun Gao , Wanxiang Che

Modern deep learning-based recommendation systems exploit hundreds to thousands of different categorical features, each with millions of different categories ranging from clicks to posts. To respect the natural diversity within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Hao-Jun Michael Shi , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Maxim Naumov , Jiyan Yang

We propose a new technique for computational language representation called elementwise embedding, in which a material (semantic unit) is abstracted into a horizontal concatenation of lower-dimensional element (character) embeddings. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Dunam Kim , Jeeeun Kim

We introduce categorical modularity, a novel low-resource intrinsic metric to evaluate word embedding quality. Categorical modularity is a graph modularity metric based on the $k$-nearest neighbor graph constructed with embedding vectors of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Sílvia Casacuberta , Karina Halevy , Damián E. Blasi

Product embeddings have been heavily investigated in the past few years, serving as the cornerstone for a broad range of machine learning applications in e-commerce. Despite the empirical success of product embeddings, little is known on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Da Xu , Chuanwei Ruan , Evren Korpeoglu , Sushant Kumar , Kannan Achan

Sequence labelling is the task of assigning categorical labels to a data sequence. In Natural Language Processing, sequence labelling can be applied to various fundamental problems, such as Part of Speech (POS) tagging, Named Entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Mahtab Ahmed , Muhammad Rifayat Samee , Robert E. Mercer