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Knowledge distillation is an effective technique that transfers knowledge from a large teacher model to a shallow student. However, just like massive classification, large scale knowledge distillation also imposes heavy computational costs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Minghan Li , Tanli Zuo , Ruicheng Li , Martha White , Weishi Zheng

Objective: This work presents a data-driven importance sampling-based variance reduction (VR) scheme inspired by active learning. The method is applied to the estimation of an optimal impact-parameter distribution in the calculation of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Leo Thomas , Miriam Schwarze , Hans Rabus

Neural implicit representations have become a popular choice for modeling surfaces due to their adaptability in resolution and support for complex topology. While previous works have achieved impressive reconstruction quality by training on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Lu Sang , Abhishek Saroha , Maolin Gao , Daniel Cremers

Monte Carlo simulations are an essential tool in particle physics data analysis. Events are typically generated alongside weights that redistribute the cross section of the simulated process across the phase space. These weights can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-13 Benjamin Nachman , Dennis Noll

When dealing with difficult inverse problems such as inverse rendering, using Monte Carlo estimated gradients to optimise parameters can slow down convergence due to variance. Averaging many gradient samples in each iteration reduces this…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Martin Balint , Karol Myszkowski , Hans-Peter Seidel , Gurprit Singh

Biasing or importance sampling is a powerful technique in Monte Carlo radiative transfer, and can be applied in different forms to increase the accuracy and efficiency of simulations. One of the drawbacks of the use of biasing is the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-11 Maarten Baes , Karl D. Gordon , Tuomas Lunttila , Simone Bianchi , Peter Camps , Mika Juvela , Rolf Kuiper

Training neural samplers directly from unnormalized densities without access to target distribution samples presents a significant challenge. A critical desideratum in these settings is achieving comprehensive mode coverage, ensuring the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chenguang Wang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Kaiyuan Cui , Weichen Zhao , Yongtao Guan , Tianshu Yu

As the vocabulary size of modern word-based language models becomes ever larger, many sampling-based training criteria are proposed and investigated. The essence of these sampling methods is that the softmax-related traversal over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Yingbo Gao , David Thulke , Alexander Gerstenberger , Khoa Viet Tran , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Deep neural network training spends most of the computation on examples that are properly handled, and could be ignored. We propose to mitigate this phenomenon with a principled importance sampling scheme that focuses computation on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Angelos Katharopoulos , François Fleuret

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new Monte Carlo method based on importance sampling techniques for the simulation of stochastic differential equations. The main idea is to combine random walk on squares or rectangles methods with…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-10-22 Madalina Deaconu , Antoine Lejay

Adaptive Monte Carlo methods are very efficient techniques designed to tune simulation estimators on-line. In this work, we present an alternative to stochastic approximation to tune the optimal change of measure in the context of…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-10-23 Benjamin Jourdain , Jérôme Lelong

Standard conformal anomaly detection provides marginal finite-sample guarantees under the assumption of exchangeability . However, real-world data often exhibit distribution shifts, necessitating a weighted conformal approach to adapt to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-25 Oliver Hennhöfer , Christine Preisach

In statistics and machine learning, approximation of an intractable integration is often achieved by using the unbiased Monte Carlo estimator, but the variances of the estimation are generally high in many applications. Control variates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-16 Ruosi Wan , Mingjun Zhong , Haoyi Xiong , Zhanxing Zhu

The use of sparse precision (inverse covariance) matrices has become popular because they allow for efficient algorithms for joint inference in high-dimensional models. Many applications require the computation of certain elements of the…

Computation · Statistics 2017-12-06 Per Sidén , Finn Lindgren , David Bolin , Mattias Villani

Complex visual effects such as caustics are often produced by light paths containing multiple consecutive specular vertices (dubbed specular chains), which pose a challenge to unbiased estimation in Monte Carlo rendering. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Zhimin Fan , Pengpei Hong , Jie Guo , Changqing Zou , Yanwen Guo , Ling-Qi Yan

Importance Sampling (IS) is a widely used variance reduction technique for enhancing the efficiency of Monte Carlo methods, particularly in rare-event simulation and related applications. Despite its effectiveness, the performance of IS is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Liviu Aolaritei , Bart P. G. Van Parys , Henry Lam , Michael I. Jordan

Sampling-based motion planning methods, while effective in high-dimensional spaces, often suffer from inefficiencies due to irregular sampling distributions, leading to suboptimal exploration of the configuration space. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Makram Chahine , T. Konstantin Rusch , Zach J. Patterson , Daniela Rus

We present an algorithm for rigid body diffusion Monte Carlo with importance sampling, which is based on a rigorous short-time expansion of the Green's function for rotational motion in three dimensions. We show that this short-time…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alexandra Viel , Mehul V. Patel , Parhat Niyaz , K. Birgitta Whaley

This paper presents a novel event camera simulation system fully based on physically based Monte Carlo path tracing with adaptive path sampling. The adaptive sampling performed in the proposed method is based on a statistical technique,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Yuichiro Manabe , Tatsuya Yatagawa , Shigeo Morishima , Hiroyuki Kubo

We construct importance sampling schemes for stochastic differential equations with small noise and fast oscillating coefficients. Standard Monte Carlo methods perform poorly for these problems in the small noise limit. With multiscale…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-02-03 Paul Dupuis , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos , Hui Wang