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The high level of photorealism in state-of-the-art diffusion models like Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, and Firefly makes it difficult for untrained humans to distinguish between real photographs and AI-generated images. To address this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Negar Kamali , Karyn Nakamura , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Jessica Hullman , Matthew Groh

Recent generative models show impressive results in photo-realistic image generation. However, artifacts often inevitably appear in the generated results, leading to downgraded user experience and reduced performance in downstream tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yueqin Yin , Lianghua Huang , Yu Liu , Kaiqi Huang

Most recent style-transfer techniques based on generative architectures are able to obtain synthetic multimedia contents, or commonly called deepfakes, with almost no artifacts. Researchers already demonstrated that synthetic images contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Luca Guarnera , Oliver Giudice , Sebastiano Battiato

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zeyang Sha , Zheng Li , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

Even though Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown a remarkable ability to generate high-quality images, GANs do not always guarantee the generation of photorealistic images. Occasionally, they generate images that have defective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Hwanil Choi , Wonjoon Chang , Jaesik Choi

Diffusion model-generated images can appear indistinguishable from authentic photographs, but these images often contain artifacts and implausibilities that reveal their AI-generated provenance. Given the challenge to public trust in media…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Negar Kamali , Karyn Nakamura , Aakriti Kumar , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Jessica Hullman , Matthew Groh

Ancient artifacts are an important medium for cultural preservation and restoration. However, many physical copies of artifacts are either damaged or lost, leaving a blank space in archaeological and historical studies that calls for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Shengguang Wu , Zhenglun Chen , Qi Su

Generative AIs produce creative outputs in the style of human expression. We argue that encounters with the outputs of modern generative AI models are mediated by the same kinds of aesthetic judgments that organize our interactions with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Jessica Hullman , Ari Holtzman , Andrew Gelman

As generative models are advancing in quality and quantity for creating synthetic content, deepfakes begin to cause online mistrust. Deepfake detectors are proposed to counter this effect, however, misuse of detectors claiming fake content…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Neslihan Kose , Anthony Rhodes , Umur Aybars Ciftci , Ilke Demir

The emergence of generative AI models has dramatically expanded the availability and use of synthetic data across scientific, industrial, and policy domains. While these developments open new possibilities for data analysis, they also raise…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Ahmad Abdel-Azim , Ruoyu Wang , Xihong Lin

Recent advancements in DeepFake generation, along with the proliferation of open-source tools, have significantly lowered the barrier for creating synthetic media. This trend poses a serious threat to the integrity and authenticity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Spiros Baxavanakis , Manos Schinas , Symeon Papadopoulos

Synthetic image generation has opened up new opportunities but has also created threats in regard to privacy, authenticity, and security. Detecting fake images is of paramount importance to prevent illegal activities, and previous research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Md Awsafur Rahman , Bishmoy Paul , Najibul Haque Sarker , Zaber Ibn Abdul Hakim , Shaikh Anowarul Fattah

Generative models achieve remarkable results in multiple data domains, including images and texts, among other examples. Unfortunately, malicious users exploit synthetic media for spreading misinformation and disseminating deepfakes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Tom Or , Omri Azencot

Model explanation techniques play a critical role in understanding the source of a model's performance and making its decisions transparent. Here we investigate if explanation techniques can also be used as a mechanism for scientific…

With the recent progress in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), it is imperative for media and visual forensics to develop detectors which can identify and attribute images to the model generating them. Existing works have shown to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Sharath Girish , Saksham Suri , Saketh Rambhatla , Abhinav Shrivastava

The steady improvement of Diffusion Models for visual synthesis has given rise to many new and interesting use cases of synthetic images but also has raised concerns about their potential abuse, which poses significant societal threats. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Dario Cioni , Christos Tzelepis , Lorenzo Seidenari , Ioannis Patras

With the ongoing rise of machine learning, the need for methods for explaining decisions made by artificial intelligence systems is becoming a more and more important topic. Especially for image classification tasks, many state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Silvan Mertes , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Alexander Heimerl , Elisabeth André

The rapid advancement of photorealistic generative models has made it increasingly important to attribute the origin of synthetic content, moving beyond binary real or fake detection toward identifying the specific model that produced a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Ellie Thieu , Jifan Zhang , Haoyue Bai

AI-generated synthetic media, also called Deepfakes, have significantly influenced so many domains, from entertainment to cybersecurity. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Diffusion Models (DMs) are the main frameworks used to…

AI generative models leave implicit traces in their generated images, which are commonly referred to as model fingerprints and are exploited for source attribution. Prior methods rely on model-specific cues or synthesis artifacts, yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hui Xu , Chi Liu , Congcong Zhu , Minghao Wang , Youyang Qu , Longxiang Gao