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In many experimental situations, a physical system undergoes stochastic evolution which may be described via random maps between two compact spaces. In the current work, we study the applicability of large deviations theory to time-averaged…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 Vladimir Y. Chernyak , Michael Chertkov , Sergey V. Malinin , Razvan Teodorescu

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) provides a way to understand how an isolated quantum mechanical system can be approximated by a thermal density matrix. We find a class of operators in (1+1)-$d$ conformal field theories,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-30 Pallab Basu , Diptarka Das , Shouvik Datta , Sridip Pal

This colloquium gives an overview of recent theoretical and experimental progress in the area of nonequilibrium dynamics of isolated quantum systems. We particularly focus on quantum quenches: the temporal evolution following a sudden or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-29 Anatoli Polkovnikov , Krishnendu Sengupta , Alessandro Silva , Mukund Vengalattore

In standard thermodynamics, internal energy is a state function, independent of process rates. We show that this structure breaks down in open quantum systems undergoing thermalization. Within Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan (GKLS)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Hyeong-Chan Kim , Youngone Lee

Dirac-Frenkel variational method with Davydov D2 trial wavefunction is extended by introducing a thermalization algorithm and applied to simulate dynamics of a general open quantum system. The algorithm allows to control temperature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Mantas Jakučionis , Darius Abramavičius

We provide a pedagogical introduction to eigenstate thermalization. This phenomenon, which occurs in generic quantum systems, allows one to understand why thermalization takes place in isolated systems under unitary dynamics. We motivate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Rohit Patil , Marcos Rigol

We study numerically the thermalisation and temporal evolution of the reduced density matrix for a two-site subsystem of a fermionic Hubbard model prepared far from equilibrium at a definite energy. Even for very small systems near quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-24 S. Genway , A. F. Ho , D. K. K. Lee

Understanding the asymptotic behavior of physical quantities in the thermodynamic limit is a fundamental problem in statistical mechanics. In this paper, we study how fast the eigenstate expectation values of a local operator converge to a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Yichen Huang

It is shown that the von Neumann entropy, a measure of quantum entanglement, does have its classical counterpart in thermodynamic systems, which we call partial entropy. Close to the critical temperature the partial entropy shows perfect…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 Junpeng Cao , Xiaoling Cui , Zhang Qi , Wengang Lu , Qian Niu , Yupeng Wang

We discuss the possibility of defining an emergent local temperature in extended quantum many-body systems evolving out of equilibrium. For the most simple case of free-fermionic systems, we give an explicit formula for the effective…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-06 M. Coppola , D. Karevski

The dynamics of a central spin-1/2 in presence of a local magnetic field and a bath of N spin-1/2 particles is studied in the thermodynamic limit. The interaction between the spins is Heisenberg XY type and the bath is considered to be a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Rodríguez Garzón , R. M. Gutiérrez

We use exact diagonalization to explore the many-body localization transition in a random-field spin-1/2 chain. We examine the correlations within each many-body eigenstate, looking at all high-energy states and thus effectively working at…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-20 Arijeet Pal , David A. Huse

Experimental realizations of spin models are irremediably prone to errors, which can propagate through the system corrupting experimental signals. We study how such errors affect the measurement of local observables in systems with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Tim Möbus , Jorge Sánchez-Segovia , Álvaro M. Alhambra , Ángela Capel

By computing the local energy expectation values with respect to some local measurement basis we show that for any quantum system there are two fundamentally different contributions: changes in energy that do not alter the local von Neumann…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-04 Hendrik Weimer , Markus J. Henrich , Florian Rempp , Heiko Schröder , Günter Mahler

Open quantum systems are studied from the thermodynamical point of view unifying the principle of maximum informational entropy and the hypothesis of relaxation times hierarchy. The result of the unification is a non-Markovian and local in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-24 Vitalii Semin , Francesco Petruccione

Starting from a microscopic description of weak system-bath interactions, we derive from first principles a quantum master equation that does not rely on the well-known rotating wave approximation. This includes generic many-body systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Matteo Scandi , Álvaro M. Alhambra

Quantum simulators have recently enabled experimental observations of quantum many-body systems' internal thermalization. Often, the global energy and particle number are conserved, and the system is prepared with a well-defined particle…

We study the effects of integrability breaking perturbations on the non-equilibrium evolution of many-particle quantum systems. We focus on a class of spinless fermion models with weak interactions. We employ equation of motion techniques…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-04 Bruno Bertini , Fabian H. L. Essler , Stefan Groha , Neil J. Robinson

Understanding and controlling non-equilibrium dynamics in quantum many-body systems is a fundamental challenge in modern physics, with profound implications for advancing quantum technologies. Typically, periodically driven systems in the…

We analyze the quantum entanglement at the equilibrium in a class of exactly solvable one-dimensional spin models at finite temperatures and identify a region where the quantum fluctuations determine the behavior of the system. We probe the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. D. Hamieh , M. I. Katsnelson