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Deep neural networks generate and process large volumes of data, posing challenges for low-resource embedded systems. In-memory computing has been demonstrated as an efficient computing infrastructure and shows promise for embedded AI…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Benjamin Chen Ming Choong , Tao Luo , Cheng Liu , Bingsheng He , Wei Zhang , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Neural Architecture Search (NAS), a framework which automates the task of designing neural networks, has recently been actively studied in the field of deep learning. However, there are only a few NAS methods suitable for 3D medical image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Woong Bae , Seungho Lee , Yeha Lee , Beomhee Park , Minki Chung , Kyu-Hwan Jung

On-device learning allows AI models to adapt to user data, thereby enhancing service quality on edge platforms. However, training AI on resource-limited devices poses significant challenges due to the demanding computing workload and the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Sai Qian Zhang , Thierry Tambe , Nestor Cuevas , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

Compute-in-Memory (CIM) and weight sparsity are two effective techniques to reduce data movement during Neural Network (NN) inference. However, they can hardly be employed in the same accelerator simultaneously because CIM requires…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Weiping Yang , Shilin Zhou , Hui Xu , Yujiao Nie , Qimin Zhou , Zhiwei Li , Changlin Chen

Optimizing resource utilization in target platforms is key to achieving high performance during DNN inference. While optimizations have been proposed for inference latency, memory footprint, and energy consumption, prior hardware-aware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Ahmet Caner Yüzügüler , Nikolaos Dimitriadis , Pascal Frossard

Processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as the go to solution for addressing the von Neumann bottleneck in edge AI accelerators. However, state-of-the-art (SoTA) digital PIM approaches suffer from low compute density, primarily due to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mukul Lokhande , Narendra Singh Dhakad , Seema Chouhan , Akash Sankhe , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Artificial neural networks have become ubiquitous in modern life, which has triggered the emergence of a new class of application specific integrated circuits for their acceleration. ReRAM-based accelerators have gained significant traction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Jason K. Eshraghian , Sung-Mo Kang , Seungbum Baek , Garrick Orchard , Herbert Ho-Ching Iu , Wen Lei

Today, there are a plethora of In-Memory Computing (IMC) devices- SRAMs, PCMs & FeFETs, that emulate convolutions on crossbar-arrays with high throughput. Each IMC device offers its own pros & cons during inference of Deep Neural Networks…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Deep neural network (DNN) inference using reduced integer precision has been shown to achieve significant improvements in memory utilization and compute throughput with little or no accuracy loss compared to full-precision floating-point.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yuzong Chen , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

The rapid growth of deep neural network (DNN) workloads has significantly increased the demand for large-capacity on-chip SRAM in machine learning (ML) applications, with SRAM arrays now occupying a substantial fraction of the total die…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Subhradip Chakraborty , Ankur Singh , Xuming Chen , Gourav Datta , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

Deploying Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) on edge devices is in high demand, but is hindered by the latency of massive data movement and computation on traditional architectures. Compute-in-Memory (CiM) architectures address this…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Xinzhao Li , Alptekin Vardar , Franz Müller , Navya Goli , Umamaheswara Rao Tida , Kai Ni , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Thomas Kämpfe , Ruiyang Qin

Achieving faster execution with shorter compilation time can enable further diversity and innovation in neural networks. However, the current paradigm of executing neural networks either relies on hand-optimized libraries, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Byung Hoon Ahn , Prannoy Pilligundla , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with their inherent recurrence, offer an efficient method for processing the asynchronous temporal data generated by Dynamic Vision Sensors (DVS), making them well-suited for event-based vision applications.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Deepika Sharma , Shubham Negi , Trishit Dutta , Amogh Agrawal , Kaushik Roy

In-memory database query processing frequently involves substantial data transfers between the CPU and memory, leading to inefficiencies due to Von Neumann bottleneck. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) architectures offer a viable solution to…

Charge-domain compute-in-memory (CIM) SRAMs have recently become an enticing compromise between computing efficiency and accuracy to process sub-8b convolutional neural networks (CNNs) at the edge. Yet, they commonly make use of a fixed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Adrian Kneip , Martin Lefebvre , Pol Maistriaux , David Bol

The resource requirements of deep neural networks (DNNs) pose significant challenges to their deployment on edge devices. Common approaches to address this issue are pruning and mixed-precision quantization, which lead to latency and memory…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence and have achieved unprecedented success in cognitive tasks such as image and speech recognition. Training of large DNNs, however, is computationally…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly deployed across distributed and resource-constrained platforms, such as System-on-Chip (SoC) accelerators and edge-cloud systems. DNNs are often partitioned and executed across heterogeneous…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Mukta Debnath , Krishnendu Guha , Debasri Saha , Amlan Chakrabarti , Susmita Sur-Kolay

Deep Neural Networks are becoming increasingly popular in always-on IoT edge devices performing data analytics right at the source, reducing latency as well as energy consumption for data communication. This paper presents CMSIS-NN,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Liangzhen Lai , Naveen Suda , Vikas Chandra

For the goal of automated design of high-performance deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Neural Architecture Search (NAS) methodology is becoming increasingly important for both academia and industries.Due to the costly stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Shengran Hu , Ran Cheng , Cheng He , Zhichao Lu , Jing Wang , Miao Zhang