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With the widespread use of deep neural networks(DNNs) in intelligent systems, DNN accelerators with high performance and energy efficiency are greatly demanded. As one of the feasible processing-in-memory(PIM) architectures,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Junpeng Wang , Mengke Ge , Bo Ding , Qi Xu , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed on edge devices learn through fine-tuning and updating a certain portion of their parameters. Although such learning methods can be optimized to reduce resource utilization, the overall required…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Ruiyang Qin , Zheyu Yan , Dewen Zeng , Zhenge Jia , Dancheng Liu , Jianbo Liu , Zhi Zheng , Ningyuan Cao , Kai Ni , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi

The increasing amount of data processed on edge and the demand for reducing the energy consumption for large neural network architectures have initiated the transition from traditional von Neumann architectures towards in-memory computing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-09-27 O. Krestinskaya , L. Zhang , K. N. Salama

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is quickly becoming the go-to approach to optimize the structure of Deep Learning (DL) models for complex tasks such as Image Classification or Object Detection. However, many other relevant applications of…

Current Artificial Intelligence (AI) computation systems face challenges, primarily from the memory-wall issue, limiting overall system-level performance, especially for Edge devices with constrained battery budgets, such as smartphones,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Lucas Huijbregts , Liu Hsiao-Hsuan , Paul Detterer , Said Hamdioui , Amirreza Yousefzadeh , Rajendra Bishnoi

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), as a subset of Machine Learning (ML) techniques, entail that real-world data can be learned and that decisions can be made in real-time. However, their wide adoption is hindered by a number of software and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Kamilya Smagulova , Mohammed E. Fouda , Fadi Kurdahi , Khaled Salama , Ahmed Eltawil

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is essential for applications like recommendation systems and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) but is highly I/O-intensive and memory-demanding. CPUs face I/O bottlenecks, while GPUs are…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Mingkai Chen , Tianhua Han , Cheng Liu , Shengwen Liang , Kuai Yu , Lei Dai , Ziming Yuan , Ying Wang , Lei Zhang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

RRAM-based multi-core systems improve the energy efficiency and performance of CNNs. Thereby, the distributed parallel execution of convolutional layers causes critical data dependencies that limit the potential speedup. This paper presents…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Rebecca Pelke , Nils Bosbach , Jose Cubero , Felix Staudigl , Rainer Leupers , Jan Moritz Joseph

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made breakthroughs in various fields including image recognition and language processing. DNNs execute hundreds of millions of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations. To efficiently accelerate such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Amro Eldebiky , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ing-Chao Lin , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

In-Memory Computing (IMC) hardware using Memristive Crossbar Arrays (MCAs) are gaining popularity to accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) since it alleviates the "memory wall" problem associated with von-Neumann architecture. The hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Shubham Negi , Indranil Chakraborty , Aayush Ankit , Kaushik Roy

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as the state-of-the-art paradigm for scaling up large language models (LLMs) without proportionally increased computational cost. However, its on-device deployment faces a critical challenge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Weikai Xu , Meng Li , Shuzhang Zhong , Tianyang Luo , Dongxue Zhao , Ling Liang , Zongwei Wang , Qianqian Huang , Yimao Cai , Ru Huang

The deep neural network (DNN) based AI applications on the edge require both low-cost computing platforms and high-quality services. However, the limited memory, computing resources, and power budget of the edge devices constrain the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Yao Chen , Cole Hawkins , Kaiqi Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Cong Hao

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is increasingly popular to automatically explore the accuracy versus computational complexity trade-off of Deep Learning (DL) architectures. When targeting tiny edge devices, the main challenge for DL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Matteo Risso , Alessio Burrello , Luca Benini , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino , Daniele Jahier Pagliari

Computing-in-memory (CIM) is renowned in deep learning due to its high energy efficiency resulting from highly parallel computing with minimal data movement. However, current SRAM-based CIM designs suffer from long latency for loading…

Compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators for spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising solutions to enable $\mu$s-level inference latency and ultra-low energy in edge vision applications. Yet, their current lack of flexibility at both the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Nicolas Chauvaux , Adrian Kneip , Christoph Posch , Kofi Makinwa , Charlotte Frenkel

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Co-exploration of neural architectures and hardware design is promising to simultaneously optimize network accuracy and hardware efficiency. However, state-of-the-art neural architecture search algorithms for the co-exploration are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Weiwen Jiang , Qiuwen Lou , Zheyu Yan , Lei Yang , Jingtong Hu , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Processing Using Memory (PUM) accelerators have the potential to perform Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference by using arrays of memory cells as computation engines. Among various memory technologies, ReRAM crossbars show promising…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Mohammad Sabri , Marc Riera , Antonio González

Edge computing is a promising solution for handling high-dimensional, multispectral analog data from sensors and IoT devices for applications such as autonomous drones. However, edge devices' limited storage and computing resources make it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Nastaran Darabi , Amit R. Trivedi

Various processing-in-memory (PIM) accelerators based on various devices, micro-architectures, and interfaces have been proposed to accelerate deep neural networks (DNNs). How to deploy DNNs onto PIM-based accelerators is the key to explore…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Xiaotian Sun , Xinyu Wang , Wanqian Li , Yinhe Han , Xiaoming Chen