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In general, when a black hole evaporates, there arises a net energy flow from black hole into its outside environment due to Hawking radiation and energy accretion onto black hole. The existence of energy flow means that the thermodynamic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-11-16 Hiromi Saida

Thermodynamics of a large family of black holes from electrovacuum solutions of Einstein's equations is studied. This family includes rotating and non-accelerating black holes with NUT charge, and rotating and accelerating black holes. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Muhammad Bilal , K. Saifullah

The conditions are clarified under which regular (i.e., singularity-free) black holes can exist. It is shown that in a large class of spacetimes that satisfy the weak energy condition the existence of a regular black hole requires topology…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Arvind Borde

We study the formation of a black hole and its subsequent evaporation in a model employing a minisuperspace approach to loop quantum gravity. In previous work the static solution was obtained and shown to be singularity-free. Here, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-21 Sabine Hossenfelder , Leonardo Modesto , Isabeau Prémont-Schwarz

The Weak Gravity Conjecture arises from the assertion that all extremal black holes, even those which are "classical" in the sense of being very massive, must decay by quantum-mechanical emission of particles or smaller black holes. This is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-05 Brett McInnes

Black holes have their own thermodynamics including notions of entropy and temperature and versions of the three laws. After a light introduction to black hole physics, I recollect how black hole thermodynamics evolved in the 1970's, while…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jacob D. Bekenstein

We construct a proof of the second law of thermodynamics in an arbitrary diffeomorphism invariant theory of gravity working within the approximation of linearized dynamical fluctuations around stationary black holes. We achieve this by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-05 Sayantani Bhattacharyya , Prateksh Dhivakar , Anirban Dinda , Nilay Kundu , Milan Patra , Shuvayu Roy

As charged fermions drop into the BTZ black holes, we check the laws of thermodynamics and weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the normal phase space and extended phase space, where the cosmological parameter and renormalization length are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Xiao-Xiong Zeng , Yi-Wen Han , De-You Chen

There would be a perfect correspondence between the laws of classical thermodynamics and black hole thermodynamics, except for the apparent failure of black hole thermodynamics to correspond to the Third Law. The classical Third Law of…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. J. Meyer

Taking a thermodynamic perspective, we study the weak gravity conjecture in the context of 4D Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory. We find closed-form expressions for the corrected thermodynamic quantities in the presence of four-derivative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-19 Gregory J. Loges , Toshifumi Noumi , Gary Shiu

Black holes are among the most well-known astrophysical objects, yet their physical realisation remains conceptually subtle. We analyse physical black holes -- light-trapping regions that form in finite time as seen by a distant observer --…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-02 Ioannis Soranidis , Daniel R. Terno

We study the effect of higher-derivative corrections on asymptotically flat, four-dimensional, non-rotating dyonic black holes in low-energy models of gravity coupled to $N$ $U(1)$ gauge fields. For large extremal black holes, the leading…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-15 Callum R. T. Jones , Brian McPeak

We present a class of charged black hole solutions in an ($n+2)$-dimensional massive gravity with a negative cosmological constant, and study thermodynamics and phase structure of the black hole solutions both in grand canonical ensemble…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-01-27 Rong-Gen Cai , Ya-Peng Hu , Qi-Yuan Pan , Yun-Long Zhang

Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-14 Sudipta Sarkar

In this article, we investigate the assumption of equipartition of energy in arguments for the entropic nature of gravity. It has already been pointed out by other authors that equipartition is not valid for low temperatures. Here we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-08 Hanno Sahlmann

Black holes contradict the Nernst-Planck (N/P) version of the 3rd. law of thermodynamics, but agree with its unattainability (U) version. This happens without contradiction, because the N/P and U versions are not equivalent, namely, N/P…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-18 Miguel Socolovsky

Surface gravity plays a pivotal role in the characterization of black holes and also in formulating the laws of black hole thermodynamics. Despite its significance, defining surface gravity in general spacetimes is a nontrivial task and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-22 Pravin Kumar Dahal

In this work, we derive rigorous and universal bounds on the geometric characteristics of black holes in asymptotically flat spacetimes under assumptions that weak energy condition is satisfied. We prove that the event horizon radius, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-03 Vitalii Vertogradov

We find a class of charged black hole solutions in third order Lovelock Gravity. To obtain this class of solutions, we are not confined to the usual assumption of maximal symmetry on the horizon and will consider the solution whose boundary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-12 N. Farhangkhah

The thermodynamic inconsistency observed in regular black holes is resolved through the framework of reduced thermodynamic phase spaces. We demonstrate that regular black holes are essentially induced from singular black holes by adding an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-15 Meng-Sen Ma , Huai-Fan Li , Jian-Hua Shi