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Given a number field $K$ and a polynomial $f(z) \in K[z]$ of degree at least 2, one can construct a finite directed graph $G(f,K)$ whose vertices are the $K$-rational preperiodic points for $f$, with an edge $\alpha \to \beta$ if and only…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-08-12 John R. Doyle

Given a number field $K$ and a polynomial $f(z) \in K[z]$, one can naturally construct a finite directed graph $G(f,K)$ whose vertices are the $K$-rational preperiodic points of $f$, with an edge $\alpha \to \beta$ if and only if $f(\alpha)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-12 John R. Doyle

Given a number field $K$, we completely classify the preperiodic portraits of the maps $x^d+c$ where $c\in K$ is an algebraic integer and $d$ is sufficiently large depending on the degree of $K$. Specifically, we show that there are exactly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-17 John R. Doyle , Wade Hindes

To each quadratic number field $K$ and each quadratic polynomial $f$ with $K$-coefficients, one can associate a finite directed graph $G(f,K)$ whose vertices are the $K$-rational preperiodic points for $f$, and whose edges reflect the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-12 John R. Doyle , Xander Faber , David Krumm

In this article, we study the set of parameters $c \in \mathbb{C}$ for which two given complex numbers $a$ and $b$ are simultaneously preperiodic for the quadratic polynomial $f_{c}(z) = z^{2} +c$. Combining complex-analytic and arithmetic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Valentin Huguin

For rational numbers $c$, we present a trichotomy of the set of totally real (totally $p$-adic, respectively) preperiodic points for maps in the quadratic unicritical family $f_c(x)=x^2+c$. As a consequence, we classify quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Chatchai Noytaptim

We classify the graphs that can occur as the graph of rational preperiodic points of a quadratic polynomial over $\bold Q$, assuming the conjecture that it is impossible to have rational points of period $4$ or higher. In particular, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Bjorn Poonen

We explore families of pairs of quadratic polynomials $f(x)=x^2+c\in \mathbb{Q}$ and $a\in \mathbb{Q}$ with $a$ being a strictly preperiodic point of $f$ to provide infinitely many new examples for which the associated arboreal Galois…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Luck Henderson , Jamie Juul , Brenner Lattin , Enrique Mercado , Mia Schaefer

It is well known that the dynamical behavior of a rational map $f:\widehat{\mathbb C}\to \widehat{\mathbb C}$ is governed by the forward orbits of the critical points of $f$. The map $f$ is said to be postcritically finite if every critical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-04-25 William Floyd , Daniel Kim , Sarah Koch , Walter Parry , Edgar Saenz

Let $f_c(z) = z^2+c$ for $c \in \mathbb{C}$. We show there exists a uniform bound on the number of points in $\mathbb{P}^1(\mathbb{C})$ that can be preperiodic for both $f_{c_1}$ and $f_{c_2}$ with $c_1\not= c_2$ in $\mathbb{C}$. The proof…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Laura DeMarco , Holly Krieger , Hexi Ye

We derive a formula for the number of pre-images under a non-degenerate harmonic mapping $f$, using the argument principle. This formula reveals a connection between the pre-images and the caustics. Our results allow to deduce the number of…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-06-29 Olivier Sète , Jan Zur

Motivated by a uniform boundedness conjecture of Morton and Silverman, we study the graphs of pre-periodic points for maps in three families of dynamical systems, namely the collections of rational functions of degree two having a periodic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Tyler Dunaisky , David Krumm

Let $f \in Q(z)$ be a polynomial or rational function of degree 2. A special case of Morton and Silverman's Dynamical Uniform Boundedness Conjecture states that the number of rational preperiodic points of $f$ is bounded above by an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Robert L. Benedetto , Ruqian Chen , Trevor Hyde , Yordanka Kovacheva , Colin White

It is shown that, under some mild technical conditions, representations of prime numbers by binary quadratic forms can be computed in polynomial complexity by exploiting Schoof's algorithm, which counts the number of $\mathbb F_q$-points of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-25 Michele Elia , Federico Pintore

The purpose of this note is give some evidence in support of conjectures of Poonen, and Morton and Silverman, on the periods of rational numbers under the iteration of quadratic polynomials. In particular, Poonen conjectured that there are…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-04-14 Benjamin Hutz , Patrick Ingram

Let $K$ be a number field. Given a polynomial $f(x)\in K[x]$ of degree $d\ge 2$, it is conjectured that the number of preperiodic points of $f$ is bounded by a uniform bound that depends only on $d$ and $[K:\mathbb Q]$. However, the only…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Mohammad Sadek

Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and for $c \in K$ and an integer $d \ge 2$, define $f_{d,c}(z) := z^d + c \in K[z]$. We consider the following question: If we fix $x \in K$ and integers $M \ge 0$, $N \ge 1$,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-08-12 John R. Doyle

We study rational iterated preimages of the origin under unicritical maps $f_{d,c}(x)=x^d+c$. Earlier works of Faber--Hutz--Stoll and Hutz--Hyde--Krause established finiteness and conditional bounds in the quadratic case. Building on this,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Kaoru Sano

Among all the dynamical modular curves associated to quadratic polynomial maps, we determine which curves have infinitely many quadratic points. This yields a classification statement on preperiodic points for quadratic polynomials over…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-24 John R. Doyle , David Krumm

We extend the definition of an orbit portrait to the context of non-autonomous iteration, both for the combinatorial version involving collections of angles and for the dynamic version involving external rays where combinatorial portraits…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-07-04 Mark Comerford , Todd Woodard
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