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Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Gabriella Puppo , Matteo Semplice , Andrea Tosin , Giuseppe Visconti

Connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) technologies are about to be in the market in the near future. This requires transportation facilities ready to operate in a mixed traffic environment where a portion of vehicles are CAVs and the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Omar Hussain , Amir Ghiasi , Xiaopeng Li

Currently, we are in an environment where the fraction of automated vehicles is negligibly small. We anticipate that this fraction will increase in coming decades before if ever, we have a fully automated transportation system. Motivated by…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Xi Liu , Ke Ma , P. R. Kumar

Modeling heterogeneous and multi-lane traffic flow is essential for understanding and controlling complex transportation systems. In this work, we consider three vehicle populations: two classes of human-driven vehicles (cars and trucks)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Maria Teresa Chiri , Christopher Denaro , Xiaoqian Gong , Benedetto Piccoli

Connectivity and automation in vehicles provide the most intriguing opportunity for enabling users to better monitor transportation network conditions and make better operating decisions to improve safety and reduce pollution, energy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Liuhui Zhao , Andreas Malikopoulos , Jackeline Rios-Torres

This paper investigates managed lane (ML) toll setting and its effect under mixed traffic of connected automated vehicles (CAVs), high-occupancy vehicles (HOVs), and human-driven vehicles (HDVs), with a goal to avoid flow breakdown and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Max T. M. Ng , Hani S. Mahmassani

Platooning of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) has a significant potential for throughput improvement. However, the interaction between CAVs and non-CAVs may limit the practically attainable improvement due to platooning. To better…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-16 Li Jin , Mladen Cicic , Karl H. Johansson , Saurabh Amin

Due to the complexity of the traffic flow dynamics in urban road networks, most quantitative descriptions of city traffic so far are based on computer simulations. This contribution pursues a macroscopic (fluid-dynamic) simulation approach,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-18 Amin Mazloumian , Nikolas Geroliminis , Dirk Helbing

In future mixed traffic Highly Automated Vehicles (HAV) will have to resolve interactions with human operated traffic. A particular problem for HAVs is detection of human states influencing safety critical decisions and driving behavior of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Werner Damm , Martin Fränzle , Andreas Lüdtke , Jochem W. Rieger , Alexander Trende , Anirudh Unni

Most autonomous-vehicles (AVs) driving strategies are designed and analyzed at the vehicle level, yet their aggregate impact on macroscopic traffic flow is still not understood, particularly the flow heterogeneity that emerges when AVs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Chenguang Zhao , Huan Yu

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are now operating on public roads, which makes their testing and validation more critical than ever. Simulation offers a safe and controlled environment for evaluating AV performance in varied conditions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Saeed Rahmani , Shiva Rasouli , Daphne Cornelisse , Eugene Vinitsky , Bart van Arem , Simeon C. Calvert

Automated Vehicles are an integral part of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) and are expected to play a crucial role in the future mobility services. This paper investigates two classes of self-driving vehicles: (i) Level 4&5…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-09-05 Ioannis Mavromatis , Andrea Tassi , Robert J. Piechocki , Mahesh Sooriyabandara

The rapid adoption of autonomous vehicle has established mixed traffic environments, comprising both autonomous and human-driven vehicles (HDVs), as essential components of next-generation mobility systems. Along these lines, connectivity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Filippos Tzortzoglou , Logan E. Beaver

Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) can supplement the information from their own sensors with information from surrounding CAVs for decision making and control. This has the potential to improve traffic efficiency. CAVs face additional…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Mohit Garg , Cian Johnston , Mélanie Bouroche

Autonomous driving has rapidly evolved through synergistic developments in hardware and artificial intelligence. This comprehensive review investigates traffic datasets and simulators as dual pillars supporting autonomous vehicle (AV)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Supriya Sarker , Brent Maples , Iftekharul Islam , Muyang Fan , Christos Papadopoulos , Weizi Li

Emerging vehicle automation and communication systems (VACS) may contribute to the improvement of vehicle travel time and the mitigation of motorway traffic congestion on the basis of appropriate control strategies. This work considers the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-05 Antonios Georgantas

The energy efficiency of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) is significantly influenced by surrounding road users. This paper presents the evaluation of energy efficiency of CAVs in a mixed traffic interacted with human controlled…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Xun Gong , Yaohui Guo , Yiheng Feng , Jing Sun , Ding Zhao

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) provide the most intriguing opportunity for enabling users to better monitor transportation network conditions and make better operating decisions to improve safety and reduce pollution, energy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Traffic congestion is a major challenge in modern urban settings. The industry-wide development of autonomous and automated vehicles (AVs) motivates the question of how can AVs contribute to congestion reduction. Past research has shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Jiaxun Cui , William Macke , Harel Yedidsion , Daniel Urieli , Peter Stone

We demonstrate a new capability of automated vehicles: mixed autonomy traffic control. With this new capability, automated vehicles can shape the traffic flows composed of other non-automated vehicles, which has the promise to improve…