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Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), aiming to learn transferable neural representations from large-scale heterogeneous recordings. Despite rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Dingkun Liu , Yuheng Chen , Zhu Chen , Zhenyao Cui , Yaozhi Wen , Jiayu An , Jingwei Luo , Dongrui Wu

Neurological disorders pose major global health challenges, driving advances in brain signal analysis. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) are widely used for diagnosis and monitoring. However, dataset…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-24 Jiahe Li , Xin Chen , Fanqi Shen , Junru Chen , Yuxin Liu , Daoze Zhang , Zhizhang Yuan , Fang Zhao , Meng Li , Yang Yang

This paper introduces DreamDiffusion, a novel method for generating high-quality images directly from brain electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, without the need to translate thoughts into text. DreamDiffusion leverages pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yunpeng Bai , Xintao Wang , Yan-pei Cao , Yixiao Ge , Chun Yuan , Ying Shan

Electroencephalography (EEG) during sleep is used by clinicians to evaluate various neurological disorders. In sleep medicine, it is relevant to detect macro-events (> 10s) such as sleep stages, and micro-events (<2s) such as spindles and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-17 Stanislas Chambon , Valentin Thorey , Pierrick J. Arnal , Emmanuel Mignot , Alexandre Gramfort

Epilepsy, affecting approximately 50 million people globally, is characterized by abnormal brain activity and remains challenging to treat. The diagnosis of epilepsy relies heavily on electroencephalogram (EEG) data, where specialists…

Event-related potential (ERP), a specialized paradigm of electroencephalographic (EEG), reflects neurological responses to external stimuli or events, generally associated with the brain's processing of specific cognitive tasks. ERP plays a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yihe Wang , Zhiqiao Kang , Bohan Chen , Yu Zhang , Xiang Zhang

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are pivotal in providing insights into spontaneous brain activity, highlighting their significant importance in neuroscience research. However, the exploration of versatile EEG models is constrained by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Tongtian Yue , Xuange Gao , Shuning Xue , Yepeng Tang , Longteng Guo , Jie Jiang , Jing Liu

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of various neurological disorders. However, small hospitals and clinics often lack advanced EEG signal analysis systems and are prone to misinterpretation in manual EEG…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Chin-Sung Tung , Sheng-Fu Liang , Shu-Feng Chang , Chung-Ping Young

EEG is the most common signal source for noninvasive BCI applications. For such applications, the EEG signal needs to be decoded and translated into appropriate actions. A recently emerging EEG decoding approach is deep learning with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-25 Felix A. Heilmeyer , Robin T. Schirrmeister , Lukas D. J. Fiederer , Martin Völker , Joos Behncke , Tonio Ball

Recently, physiological data such as electroencephalography (EEG) signals have attracted significant attention in affective computing. In this context, the main goal is to design an automated model that can assess emotional states. Lately,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Shadi Sartipi , Mastaneh Torkamani-Azar , Mujdat Cetin

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models hold significant promise for universal Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). However, existing approaches often rely on end-to-end fine-tuning and exhibit limited efficacy under frozen-probing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jiquan Wang , Sha Zhao , Yangxuan Zhou , Yiming Kang , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

Electroencephalography (EEG) data present unique modeling challenges because recordings vary in length, exhibit very low signal to noise ratios, differ significantly across participants, drift over time within sessions, and are rarely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-05 Shahar Ain Kedem , Itamar Zimerman , Eliya Nachmani

Medical imaging plays a vital role in modern diagnostics; however, interpreting high-resolution radiological data remains time-consuming and susceptible to variability among clinicians. Traditional image processing techniques often lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Melika Filvantorkaman , Maral Filvan Torkaman

Deep learning and large public datasets have recently catalyzed the proliferation of AI models for processing brain recordings. However, systematically evaluating these models remains a challenge: not only do the preprocessing pipelines,…

Background:The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools in medicine and healthcare. Deep learning methods have achieved promising results on predictive healthcare tasks using ECG signals. Objective:This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Shenda Hong , Yuxi Zhou , Junyuan Shang , Cao Xiao , Jimeng Sun

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a crucial role in understanding brain activity and diagnosing neurological diseases. Because supervised EEG encoders are unable to learn robust EEG patterns and rely too heavily on expensive signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junhong Lai , Jiyu Wei , Lin Yao , Yueming Wang

Electroencephalography-based Emotion Recognition (EEG-ER) has become a growing research area in recent years. Analyzing 216 papers published between 2018 and 2023, we uncover that the field lacks a unified evaluation protocol, which is…

Eye movements can reveal valuable insights into various aspects of human mental processes, physical well-being, and actions. Recently, several datasets have been made available that simultaneously record EEG activity and eye movements. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Nina Weng , Martyna Plomecka , Manuel Kaufmann , Ard Kastrati , Roger Wattenhofer , Nicolas Langer

Use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and machine learning approaches to recognize emotions can facilitate affective human computer interactions. However, the type of EEG data constitutes an obstacle for cross-individual EEG feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Xiaolong Zhong , Zhong Yin

Foundation models (FMs) promise to extract unified representations that generalize across downstream tasks. They have emerged across fields, including electroencephalography (EEG), but it is less clear how effective they are in this…