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Federated learning (FL) is designed to preserve data privacy during model training, where the data remains on the client side (i.e., IoT devices), and only model updates of clients are shared iteratively for collaborative learning. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Zikai Zhang , Rui Hu

Federated learning (FL), an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm, has been applied to various privacy-preserving scenarios. However, due to its distributed nature, FL faces two key issues: the non-independent and identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Youpeng Li , Xinda Wang , Fuxun Yu , Lichao Sun , Wenbin Zhang , Xuyu Wang

\textit{Federated learning} (FL) is a nascent distributed learning paradigm to train a shared global model without violating users' privacy. FL has been shown to be vulnerable to various Byzantine attacks, where malicious participants could…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Wei Wan , Shengshan Hu , Minghui Li , Jianrong Lu , Longling Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Hai Jin

Federated Learning (FL) aims to train a collaborative model while preserving data privacy. However, the distributed nature of this approach still raises privacy and security issues, such as the exposure of sensitive data due to inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Adda Akram Bendoukha , Aymen Boudguiga , Nesrine Kaaniche , Renaud Sirdey , Didem Demirag , Sébastien Gambs

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across multiple clients while preserving data privacy by keeping local datasets on-device. In this work, we address FL settings where clients may behave adversarially, exhibiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Emmanouil Kritharakis , Antonios Makris , Dusan Jakovetic , Konstantinos Tserpes

Federated learning (FL) enables a set of geographically distributed clients to collectively train a model through a server. Classically, the training process is synchronous, but can be made asynchronous to maintain its speed in presence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Bart Cox , Abele Mălan , Lydia Y. Chen , Jérémie Decouchant

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, but its robustness is threatened by Byzantine behaviors such as data and model poisoning. Existing defenses face fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Usama Zafar , André M. H. Teixeira , Salman Toor

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their local data. Recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of FL to Byzantine attacks, where malicious clients send poisoned…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Kai Yue , Richeng Jin , Chau-Wai Wong , Huaiyu Dai

The advancement of AI models, especially those powered by deep learning, faces significant challenges in data-sensitive industries like healthcare and finance due to the distributed and private nature of data. Federated Learning (FL) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yongming Fan , Rui Zhu , Zihao Wang , Chenghong Wang , Haixu Tang , Ye Dong , Hyunghoon Cho , Lucila Ohno-Machado

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm, in which clients jointly learn a model with the help of a cloud server. A fundamental challenge of FL is that the clients are often heterogeneous, e.g., they have different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Minghong Fang , Jia Liu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Elizabeth S. Bentley

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data, but is vulnerable to Byzantine attacks and data heterogeneity, which can severely degrade performance. Existing Byzantine-robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shiyuan Zuo , Xingrun Yan , Rongfei Fan , Li Shen , Puning Zhao , Jie Xu , Han Hu

Given sufficient data from multiple edge devices, federated learning (FL) enables training a shared model without transmitting private data to the central server. However, FL is generally vulnerable to Byzantine attacks from compromised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Youngjoon Lee , Jinu Gong , Joonhyuk Kang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed learning paradigm without sharing participating clients' private data. However, existing works show that FL is vulnerable to both Byzantine (security) attacks and data reconstruction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Chenfei Nie , Qiang Li , Yuxin Yang , Yuede Ji , Binghui Wang

Motivated by the ever-increasing concerns on personal data privacy and the rapidly growing data volume at local clients, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new machine learning setting. An FL system is comprised of a central parameter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yi Qian

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a widely studied paradigm for distributed learning. Despite its many advantages, FL remains vulnerable to adversarial attacks, especially under data heterogeneity. We propose a new Byzantine-robust FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sena Ergisi , Luis Maßny , Rawad Bitar

Federated learning (FL) becomes vulnerable to Byzantine attacks where some of participators tend to damage the utility or discourage the convergence of the learned model via sending their malicious model updates. Previous works propose to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Fangyuan Zhao , Yuexiang Xie , Xuebin Ren , Bolin Ding , Shusen Yang , Yaliang Li

We study a recently proposed large-scale distributed learning paradigm, namely Federated Learning, where the worker machines are end users' own devices. Statistical and computational challenges arise in Federated Learning particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Avishek Ghosh , Justin Hong , Dong Yin , Kannan Ramchandran

Byzantine attacks during model aggregation in Federated Learning (FL) threaten training integrity by manipulating malicious clients' updates. Existing methods struggle with limited robustness under high malicious client ratios and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yanhua Wen , Lu Ai , Gang Liu , Chuang Li , Jianhao Wei

Decentralized machine learning (DL) has been receiving an increasing interest recently due to the elimination of a single point of failure, present in Federated learning setting. Yet, it is threatened by the looming threat of Byzantine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Ali Reza Ghavamipour , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Oguzhan Ersoy , Fatih Turkmen

This paper addresses federated learning (FL) in the context of malicious Byzantine attacks and data heterogeneity. We introduce a novel Robust Average Gradient Algorithm (RAGA), which uses the geometric median for aggregation and {allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shiyuan Zuo , Xingrun Yan , Rongfei Fan , Han Hu , Hangguan Shan , Tony Q. S. Quek , Puning Zhao