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Deploying deep models on embedded devices has been a challenging problem since the great success of deep learning based networks. Fixed-point networks, which represent their data with low bits fixed-point and thus give remarkable savings on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Hongxing Gao , Wei Tao , Dongchao Wen , Tse-Wei Chen , Kinya Osa , Masami Kato

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) typically require massive amount of computation resource in inference tasks for computer vision applications. Quantization can significantly reduce DNN computation and storage by decreasing the bitwidth of…

The deployment of deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices relies on quantization. While static, uniform quantization applies a fixed bit-width to all inputs, it fails to adapt to their varying complexity. Dynamic,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hazem Hesham Yousef Shalby , Fabrizio Pittorino , Francesca Palermo , Diana Trojaniello , Manuel Roveri

Deep learning has become a promising programming paradigm in software development, owing to its surprising performance in solving many challenging tasks. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being deployed in practice, but are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Yedi Zhang , Zhe Zhao , Fu Song , Min Zhang , Taolue Chen , Jun Sun

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance at the cost of becoming deeper and larger. Although quantization (both fixed-point and floating-point) has proven effective for reducing storage and memory access,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-06 Chen Wu , Mingyu Wang , Xiayu Li , Jicheng Lu , Kun Wang , Lei He

Quantization is essential for reducing the computational cost and memory usage of deep neural networks, enabling efficient inference on low-precision hardware. Despite the growing adoption of uniform and floating-point quantization schemes,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Mehmet Aktukmak , Daniel Huang , Ke Ding

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are state-of-the-art algorithms for multiple applications, spanning from image classification to speech recognition. While providing excellent accuracy, they often have enormous compute and memory requirements.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Ussama Zahid , Giulio Gambardella , Nicholas J. Fraser , Michaela Blott , Kees Vissers

Conventional multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations have long dominated computation time for deep neural networks (DNNs), espcially convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Recently, product quantization (PQ) has been applied to these workloads,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Ahmed F. AbouElhamayed , Angela Cui , Javier Fernandez-Marques , Nicholas D. Lane , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

Binary neural network (BNN) provides a promising solution to deploy parameter-intensive deep single image super-resolution (SISR) models onto real devices with limited storage and computational resources. To achieve comparable performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Zhiqiang Lang , Chongxing Song , Lei Zhang , Wei Wei

Deep convolutional neural network (CNN) inference requires significant amount of memory and computation, which limits its deployment on embedded devices. To alleviate these problems to some extent, prior research utilize low precision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Liangzhen Lai , Naveen Suda , Vikas Chandra

Deep learning has delivered its powerfulness in many application domains, especially in image and speech recognition. As the backbone of deep learning, deep neural networks (DNNs) consist of multiple layers of various types with hundreds to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Sheng Lin , Ning Liu , Mahdi Nazemi , Hongjia Li , Caiwen Ding , Yanzhi Wang , Massoud Pedram

Quantization addresses the high resource demand for large language models (LLMs) by alleviating memory pressure and bandwidth congestion and providing significantly scaled compute power with a tolerable impact on accuracy. Four-bit floating…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Musa Cim , Burak Topcu , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

Mixed precision quantization (MPQ) is an effective quantization approach to achieve accuracy-complexity trade-off of neural network, through assigning different bit-widths to network activations and weights in each layer. The typical way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Haidong Kang , Lianbo Ma , Guo Yu , Shangce Gao

Significant computational cost and memory requirements for deep neural networks (DNNs) make it difficult to utilize DNNs in resource-constrained environments. Binary neural network (BNN), which uses binary weights and binary activations,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Hyungjun Kim , Yulhwa Kim , Sungju Ryu , Jae-Joon Kim

Deep neural network (DNN) accelerators received considerable attention in past years due to saved energy compared to mainstream hardware. Low-voltage operation of DNN accelerators allows to further reduce energy consumption significantly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 David Stutz , Nandhini Chandramoorthy , Matthias Hein , Bernt Schiele

Though deep neural network models exhibit outstanding performance for various applications, their large model size and extensive floating-point operations render deployment on mobile computing platforms a major challenge, and, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Huming Qiu , Hua Ma , Zhi Zhang , Yifeng Zheng , Anmin Fu , Pan Zhou , Yansong Gao , Derek Abbott , Said F. Al-Sarawi

Fully realizing the potential of acceleration for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) requires understanding and leveraging algorithmic properties. This paper builds upon the algorithmic insight that bitwidth of operations in DNNs can be reduced…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Hardik Sharma , Jongse Park , Naveen Suda , Liangzhen Lai , Benson Chau , Joon Kyung Kim , Vikas Chandra , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh

While advancements in quantization have significantly reduced the computational costs of inference in deep learning, training still predominantly relies on complex floating-point arithmetic. Low-precision fixed-point training presents a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Hassan Hamad , Yuou Qiu , Peter A. Beerel , Keith M. Chugg

Training with larger number of parameters while keeping fast iterations is an increasingly adopted strategy and trend for developing better performing Deep Neural Network (DNN) models. This necessitates increased memory footprint and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Léopold Cambier , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Ting Gong , Mehran Nekuii , Oguz H Elibol , Hanlin Tang

Model quantization is a widely used technique to compress and accelerate deep neural network (DNN) inference. Emergent DNN hardware accelerators begin to support mixed precision (1-8 bits) to further improve the computation efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Kuan Wang , Zhijian Liu , Yujun Lin , Ji Lin , Song Han
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