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We study the problem of the optimal mixing of a passive scalar under the action of an incompressible flow in two space dimensions. The scalar solves the continuity equation with a divergence-free velocity field, which satisfies a bound in…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-19 Giovanni Alberti , Gianluca Crippa , Anna L. Mazzucato

Consider a diffusion-free passive scalar $\theta$ being mixed by an incompressible flow $u$ on the torus $\mathbb{T}^d$. Our aim is to study how well this scalar can be mixed under an enstrophy constraint on the advecting velocity field.Our…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Gautam Iyer , Alexander Kiselev , Xiaoqian Xu

Performance of optimization on quadratic problems sensitively depends on the low-lying part of the spectrum. For large (effectively infinite-dimensional) problems, this part of the spectrum can often be naturally represented or approximated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Maksim Velikanov , Dmitry Yarotsky

The efficiency of a fluid mixing device is often limited by fundamental laws and/or design constraints, such that a perfectly homogeneous mixture cannot be obtained in finite time. Here, we address the natural corollary question: Given the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-05-10 Mohammad Farazmand

We study the problem of optimal mixing of a passive scalar $\rho$ advected by an incompressible flow on the two dimensional unit square. The scalar $\rho$ solves the continuity equation with a divergence-free velocity field $u$ with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-07-06 Gianluca Crippa , Christian Schulze

We study mixing for a divergence-free passive vector field $u$ transported by another divergence-free vector field $U$, where $u$ evolves according to $ \partial_t u + (U \cdot \nabla) u + \nabla p = 0.$ In recent years, a lot of attention…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Anuj Kumar , Franziska Weber

We consider an approximating control design for optimal mixing of a non-dissipative scalar field $\theta$ in unsteady Stokes flows. The objective of our approach is to achieve optimal mixing at a given final time $T>0$, via the active…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-14 Weiwei Hu

We consider optimal control problems for partial differential equations where the controls take binary values but vary over the time horizon, they can thus be seen as dynamic switches. The switching patterns may be subject to combinatorial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-04 Christoph Buchheim , Alexandra Grütering , Christian Meyer

In this paper, we consider the 3D Navier-Stokes-Voigt (NSV) equations with nonlinear damping $|u|^{r-1}u, r\in[1,\infty)$ in bounded and space-periodic domains. We formulate an optimal control problem of minimizing the curl of the velocity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Sakthivel Kumarasamy

This work develops scientific computing techniques to further the exploration of using boundary control alone to optimize mixing in Stokes flows. The theoretical foundation including mathematical model and the optimality conditions for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-22 Weiwei Hu , Xiaoming Zheng

We consider the advection-diffusion equation describing the evolution of a passive scalar in a background shear flow. We prove the optimal uniform-in-diffusivity mixing rate $\| f \|_{H^{-1}} \lesssim \langle t \rangle^{-1/(N+1)}$, $t \geq…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Dallas Albritton , Rajendra Beekie

Time-optimal control for triple integrator under full box constraints is a fundamental problem in the field of optimal control, which has been widely applied in the industry. However, scenarios involving asymmetric constraints,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Yunan Wang , Chuxiong Hu , Zhao Jin

Mixing of a passive scalar in a fluid flow results from a two part process in which large gradients are first created by advection and then smoothed by diffusion. We investigate methods of designing efficient stirrers to optimize mixing of…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2020-01-07 R. A. Mitchell , J. D. Meiss

We consider optimal control problems for partial differential equations where the controls take binary values but vary over the time horizon, they can thus be seen as dynamic switches. The switching patterns may be subject to combinatorial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-04 Christoph Buchheim , Alexandra Grütering , Christian Meyer

The dynamical formulation of optimal transport, also known as Benamou-Brenier formulation or Computational Fluid Dynamics formulation, amounts to write the optimal transport problem as the optimization of a convex functional under a PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Hugo Lavenant

Mixing by incompressible flows is a ubiquitous yet incompletely understood phenomenon in fluid dynamics. While previous studies have focused on optimal mixing rates, the question of its genericity, i.e., whether mixing occurs for typical…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Zeyu Jin , Ruo Li

We study a constrained optimal control problem for an ensemble of control systems. Each sub-system (or plant) evolves on a matrix Lie group, and must satisfy given state and control action constraints pointwise in time. In addition, certain…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Chinmay Maheshwari , Sukumar Srikant , Debasish Chatterjee

This paper addresses the well posedness of a dynamical model of perfect plasticity with mixed boundary conditions for general closed and convex elasticity sets. The proof relies on an asymptotic analysis of the solution of a perfect…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-02-16 Jean-François Babadjian , Randy Llerena

Optimization under structural constraints is typically analyzed through projection or penalty methods, obscuring the geometric mechanism by which constraints shape admissible dynamics. We propose an operator-theoretic formulation in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Changkai Li

This work develops an efficient and accurate optimization algorithm to study the optimal mixing problem driven by boundary control of unsteady Stokes flows, based on the theoretical foundation laid by Hu and Wu in a series of work. The…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-06-21 Xiaoming Zheng , Weiwei Hu , Jiahong Wu
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