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The ability of learning disentangled representations represents a major step for interpretable NLP systems as it allows latent linguistic features to be controlled. Most approaches to disentanglement rely on continuous variables, both for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Giangiacomo Mercatali , André Freitas

Neural speech codecs have gained great attention for their outstanding reconstruction with discrete token representations. It is a crucial component in generative tasks such as speech coding and large language models (LLM). However, most…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Youqiang Zheng , Weiping Tu , Yueteng Kang , Jie Chen , Yike Zhang , Li Xiao , Yuhong Yang , Long Ma

Speech representation and modelling in high-dimensional spaces of acoustic waveforms, or a linear transformation thereof, is investigated with the aim of improving the robustness of automatic speech recognition to additive noise. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Matthew Ager , Zoran Cvetkovic , Peter Sollich

Probabilistic models with discrete latent variables naturally capture datasets composed of discrete classes. However, they are difficult to train efficiently, since backpropagation through discrete variables is generally not possible. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-25 Jason Tyler Rolfe

Many types of data from fields including natural language processing, computer vision, and bioinformatics, are well represented by discrete, compositional structures such as trees, sequences, or matchings. Latent structure models are a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vlad Niculae , Caio F. Corro , Nikita Nangia , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , André F. T. Martins

Neural codecs, comprising an encoder, quantizer, and decoder, enable signal transmission at exceptionally low bitrates. Training these systems requires techniques like the straight-through estimator, soft-to-hard annealing, or statistical…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-10 Wolfgang Mack , Ahmed Mustafa , Rafał Łaganowski , Samer Hijazy

An ability to model a generative process and learn a latent representation for speech in an unsupervised fashion will be crucial to process vast quantities of unlabelled speech data. Recently, deep probabilistic generative models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Wei-Ning Hsu , Yu Zhang , James Glass

Disentangling the encodings of neural models is a fundamental aspect for improving interpretability, semantic control and downstream task performance in Natural Language Processing. Currently, most disentanglement methods are unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Danilo S. Carvalho , Giangiacomo Mercatali , Yingji Zhang , Andre Freitas

Automatic prompt optimization (APO) has driven significant gains in LLM-based agentic workflows. However, existing methods treat each task's prompt as a monolithic, instance-blind string optimized through global edits, producing brittle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jyotirmoy Nath , Neeraj Kumar , Brejesh Lall

Variational Autoencoders for multimodal data hold promise for many tasks in data analysis, such as representation learning, conditional generation, and imputation. Current architectures either share the encoder output, decoder input, or…

Language models have been effectively applied to modeling natural signals, such as images, video, speech, and audio. A crucial component of these models is the codec tokenizer, which compresses high-dimensional natural signals into…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Shengpeng Ji , Ziyue Jiang , Wen Wang , Yifu Chen , Minghui Fang , Jialong Zuo , Qian Yang , Xize Cheng , Zehan Wang , Ruiqi Li , Ziang Zhang , Xiaoda Yang , Rongjie Huang , Yidi Jiang , Qian Chen , Siqi Zheng , Zhou Zhao

Automated audio captioning is a cross-modal translation task that aims to generate natural language descriptions for given audio clips. This task has received increasing attention with the release of freely available datasets in recent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-28 Xinhao Mei , Xubo Liu , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

This work investigates pretrained audio representations for few shot Sound Event Detection. We specifically address the task of few shot detection of novel acoustic sequences, or sound events with semantically meaningful temporal structure,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Vasudha Kowtha , Miquel Espi Marques , Jonathan Huang , Yichi Zhang , Carlos Avendano

Neural audio signal codecs have attracted significant attention in recent years. In essence, the impressive low bitrate achieved by such encoders is enabled by learning an abstract representation that captures the properties of encoded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-06 Mhd Modar Halimeh , Matteo Torcoli , Philipp Grundhuber , Emanuël A. P. Habets

There has been a steadily growing interest in development of novel methods to learn a representation of a given input data and subsequently using them for several downstream tasks. The field of natural language processing has seen a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Ankit Kulshrestha , Vishwas Lele

Neural front-ends are an appealing alternative to traditional, fixed feature extraction pipelines for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems since they can be directly trained to fit the acoustic model. However, their performance often…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-01 Peter Vieting , Maximilian Kannen , Benedikt Hilmes , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

This paper explores the problem of learning transforms for image compression via autoencoders. Usually, the rate-distortion performances of image compression are tuned by varying the quantization step size. In the case of autoen-coders,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-27 Thierry Dumas , Aline Roumy , Christine Guillemot

In traditional software programs, it is easy to trace program logic from variables back to input, apply assertion statements to block erroneous behavior, and compose programs together. Although deep learning programs have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Mike Wu , Noah Goodman , Stefano Ermon

We learn rich natural sound representations by capitalizing on large amounts of unlabeled sound data collected in the wild. We leverage the natural synchronization between vision and sound to learn an acoustic representation using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Yusuf Aytar , Carl Vondrick , Antonio Torralba

We consider the problem of building a state representation model in a continual fashion. As the environment changes, the aim is to efficiently compress the sensory state's information without losing past knowledge. The learned features are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Michael Garcia-Ortiz , David Filliat