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Approximate Nearest-Neighbor Search (ANNS) efficiently finds data items whose embeddings are close to that of a given query in a high-dimensional space, aiming to balance accuracy with speed. Used in recommendation systems, image and video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Vansh Ramani , Alexis Schlomer , Akash Nayar , Sayan Ranu , Jignesh M. Patel , Panagiotis Karras

Sparse embeddings of data form an attractive class due to their inherent interpretability: Every dimension is tied to a term in some vocabulary, making it easy to visually decipher the latent space. Sparsity, however, poses unique…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sebastian Bruch , Franco Maria Nardini , Cosimo Rulli , Rossano Venturini

With the surging popularity of approximate near-neighbor search (ANNS), driven by advances in neural representation learning, the ability to serve queries accompanied by a set of constraints has become an area of intense interest. While the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Gaurav Gupta , Jonah Yi , Benjamin Coleman , Chen Luo , Vihan Lakshman , Anshumali Shrivastava

Meeting real-time constraints for high-performance Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search remains a critical challenge in remote sensing edge devices, which are essentially fusion systems like micro-satellites and UAVs, largely due to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Xianwei Lv , Debin Tang , Zhecheng Shi , Wang Wang , Yujiao Zheng , Xiatian Zhu

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in many areas of machine learning and data mining. During the past decade, numerous hashing algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Every proposed algorithm claims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Deng Cai

This paper presents an efficient and scalable framework for Range Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbors Search (RF-ANNS) over high-dimensional vectors associated with attribute values. Given a query vector $q$ and a range $[l, h]$, RF-ANNS…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Anqi Liang , Pengcheng Zhang , Bin Yao , Zhongpu Chen , Yitong Song , Guangxu Cheng

ANNS for embedded vector representations of texts is commonly used in information retrieval, with two important information representations being sparse and dense vectors. While it has been shown that combining these representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haoyu Zhang , Jun Liu , Zhenhua Zhu , Shulin Zeng , Maojia Sheng , Tao Yang , Guohao Dai , Yu Wang

Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search has become fundamental to modern AI infrastructure, powering recommendation systems, search engines, and large language models across industry leaders from Google to OpenAI. Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ganap Ashit Tewary , Nrusinga Charan Gantayat , Jeff Zhang

As the state-of-the-art methods for high-dimensional data retrieval, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) approaches with graph-based indexes have attracted increasing attention and play a crucial role in many real-world applications,…

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) in high-dimensional vector spaces has a wide range of real-world applications. Numerous methods have been proposed to handle ANNS efficiently, while graph-based indexes have gained prominence due…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zhonggen Li , Xiangyu Ke , Yifan Zhu , Bocheng Yu , Baihua Zheng , Yunjun Gao

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) plays a crucial role in many key areas. Proximity graphs (PGs) are the leading method for ANNS, offering the best balance between query efficiency and accuracy. However, their performance heavily…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Hao Duan , Yitong Song , Bin Yao , Anqi Liang

We consider the fundamental problem of decomposing a large-scale approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) problem into smaller sub-problems. The goal is to partition the input points into neighborhood-preserving shards, so that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lars Gottesbüren , Laxman Dhulipala , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Lacki

With the growing integration of structured and unstructured data, new methods have emerged for performing similarity searches on vectors while honoring structured attribute constraints, i.e., a process known as Filtering Approximate Nearest…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mocheng Li , Xiao Yan , Baotong Lu , Yue Zhang , James Cheng , Chenhao Ma

Approximate nearest-neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms have become increasingly critical for recent AI applications, particularly in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and agent-based LLM applications. In this paper, we present CRINN, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Xiaoya Li , Xiaofei Sun , Albert Wang , Chris Shum , Jiwei Li

State-of-the-art algorithms for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) such as DiskANN, FAISS-IVF, and HNSW build data dependent indices that offer substantially better accuracy and search efficiency over data-agnostic indices by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Shikhar Jaiswal , Ravishankar Krishnaswamy , Ankit Garg , Harsha Vardhan Simhadri , Sheshansh Agrawal

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is crucial for improving the quality of large language models by injecting proper contexts extracted from external sources. RAG requires high-throughput, low-latency Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Seoyoung Ko , Hyunjeong Shim , Wanju Doh , Sungmin Yun , Jinin So , Yongsuk Kwon , Sang-Soo Park , Si-Dong Roh , Minyong Yoon , Taeksang Song , Jung Ho Ahn

Modern retrieval systems increasingly require integrating approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) with complex attribute filtering to handle hybrid queries in applications such as recommendation systems and retrieval-augmented generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junjie Song , Yu Liu , Guoyu Hu , Zhongle Xie , Ming Yang , Beng Chin Ooi , Ke Zhou

Graph-based approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms work effectively against large-scale vector retrieval. Among such methods, DiskANN achieves good recall-speed tradeoffs using both DRAM and storage. DiskANN adopts product…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Kento Tatsuno , Daisuke Miyashita , Taiga Ikeda , Kiyoshi Ishiyama , Kazunari Sumiyoshi , Jun Deguchi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications increasingly rely on Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (FANNS) to combine semantic retrieval with metadata constraints. While algorithmic innovations for FANNS have been proposed,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Abylay Amanbayev , Brian Tsan , Tri Dang , Florin Rusu

Nearest neighbor search (NNS) has a wide range of applications in information retrieval, computer vision, machine learning, databases, and other areas. Existing state-of-the-art algorithm for nearest neighbor search, Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ishita Doshi , Dhritiman Das , Ashish Bhutani , Rajeev Kumar , Rushi Bhatt , Niranjan Balasubramanian