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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques leverage the in-context learning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to produce more accurate and relevant responses. Originating from the simple 'retrieve-then-read' approach, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yunxiao Shi , Xing Zi , Zijing Shi , Haimin Zhang , Qiang Wu , Min Xu

This paper studies multi-task training of retrieval-augmented generation models for knowledge-intensive tasks. We propose to clean the training set by utilizing a distinct property of knowledge-intensive generation: The connection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Sebastian Hofstätter , Jiecao Chen , Karthik Raman , Hamed Zamani

Despite recent advancements in domain adaptation techniques for large language models, these methods remain computationally intensive, and the resulting models can still exhibit hallucination issues. Most existing adaptation methods do not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Bogdan Bogachov , Yaoyao Fiona Zhao

We propose Generation-Augmented Retrieval (GAR) for answering open-domain questions, which augments a query through text generation of heuristically discovered relevant contexts without external resources as supervision. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Yuning Mao , Pengcheng He , Xiaodong Liu , Yelong Shen , Jianfeng Gao , Jiawei Han , Weizhu Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Research question answering requires accurate retrieval and contextual understanding of scientific literature. However, current Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods often struggle to balance complex document relationships with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yuntong Hu , Zhihan Lei , Zhongjie Dai , Allen Zhang , Abhinav Angirekula , Zheng Zhang , Liang Zhao

Textual data question answering has gained significant attention due to its growing applicability. Recently, a novel approach leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) method was introduced, utilizing the Prize-Collecting Steiner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Manthankumar Solanki

The decoding of linguistic information from electroencephalography (EEG) signals remains an extremely challenging problem in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. In particular, sentence-level decoding from EEG is difficult due to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Enrico Collautti , Xiaopeng Mao , Luca Tonin , Stefano Tortora , Sadasivan Puthusserypady

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled their use as agents for planning complex tasks. Existing methods typically rely on a thought-action-observation (TAO) process to enhance LLM performance, but these approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Zheng Wang , Shu Xian Teo , Jun Jie Chew , Wei Shi

We propose a new method to measure the task-specific accuracy of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RAG). Evaluation is performed by scoring the RAG on an automatically-generated synthetic exam composed of multiple choice questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Gauthier Guinet , Behrooz Omidvar-Tehrani , Anoop Deoras , Laurent Callot

We present a novel graph neural network (GNN) architecture for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) that leverages query-aware attention mechanisms and learned scoring heads to improve retrieval accuracy on complex, multi-hop questions.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Vibhor Agrawal , Fay Wang , Rishi Puri

Automatic question generation aims at the generation of questions from a context, with the corresponding answers being sub-spans of the given passage. Whereas, most of the methods mostly rely on heuristic rules to generate questions, more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Tassilo Klein , Moin Nabi

Given a graph with textual attributes, we enable users to `chat with their graph': that is, to ask questions about the graph using a conversational interface. In response to a user's questions, our method provides textual replies and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiaoxin He , Yijun Tian , Yifei Sun , Nitesh V. Chawla , Thomas Laurent , Yann LeCun , Xavier Bresson , Bryan Hooi

Retrieval augmentation has become an effective solution to empower large language models (LLMs) with external and verified knowledge sources from the database, which overcomes the limitations and hallucinations of LLMs in handling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Tong Wu , Yulei Qin , Enwei Zhang , Zihan Xu , Yuting Gao , Ke Li , Xing Sun

The growing demand for efficient and lightweight Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems has highlighted significant challenges when deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) in existing RAG frameworks. Current approaches face severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tianyu Fan , Jingyuan Wang , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful approach for enhancing large language models' question-answering capabilities through the integration of external knowledge. However, when adapting RAG systems to specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Xin Sun , Zhongqi Chen , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Bowen Song , Weiqiang Wang , Zilei Wang , Liang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly contributed to the development of adaptive intelligent agents and are positioned as an important way to achieve Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). However, LLMs are prone to produce factually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Weijian Xie , Xuefeng Liang , Yuhui Liu , Kaihua Ni , Hong Cheng , Zetian Hu

The Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approach enhances question-answering systems and dialogue generation tasks by integrating information retrieval (IR) technologies with large language models (LLMs). This strategy, which retrieves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Duolin Sun , Dan Yang , Yue Shen , Yihan Jiao , Zhehao Tan , Jie Feng , Lianzhen Zhong , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) struggles with domain-specific enterprise datasets, often isolated behind firewalls and rich in complex, specialized terminology unseen by LLMs during pre-training. Semantic variability across domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Kunal Sawarkar , Shivam R. Solanki , Abhilasha Mangal

Technology-enhanced learning environments often help students retrieve relevant learning content for questions arising during self-paced study. Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as novel aids for information retrieval during…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Eason Chen , Chuangji Li , Shizhuo Li , Zimo Xiao , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger