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Recent advances in unsupervised representation learning have demonstrated the impact of pretraining on large amounts of read speech. We adapt these techniques for domain adaptation in low-resource -- both in terms of data and compute --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Chak-Fai Li , Francis Keith , William Hartmann , Matthew Snover

Recently, information retrieval has seen the emergence of dense retrievers, using neural networks, as an alternative to classical sparse methods based on term-frequency. These models have obtained state-of-the-art results on datasets and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Gautier Izacard , Mathilde Caron , Lucas Hosseini , Sebastian Riedel , Piotr Bojanowski , Armand Joulin , Edouard Grave

Modern dense information retrieval (IR) models usually rely on costly large-scale pretraining. In this paper, we introduce LLM2IR, an efficient unsupervised contrastive learning framework to convert any decoder-only large language model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Xiaocong Yang

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in zero-shot language understanding has garnered significant attention. However, employing LLMs for large-scale inference or domain-specific fine-tuning requires immense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Ruohong Zhang , Yau-Shian Wang , Yiming Yang

Recent research demonstrates the effectiveness of using pretrained language models (PLM) to improve dense retrieval and multilingual dense retrieval. In this work, we present a simple but effective monolingual pretraining task called…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Ning Wu , Yaobo Liang , Houxing Ren , Linjun Shou , Nan Duan , Ming Gong , Daxin Jiang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional success in various multimodal tasks, yet their deployment is frequently limited by substantial computational demands and prolonged inference times. Given that the vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zihui Zhao , Yingxin Li , Yang Li

Despite the impressive capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in integrating text and image modalities, challenges remain in accurately interpreting detailed visual elements. Vision detection models excel at recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Qirui Jiao , Daoyuan Chen , Yilun Huang , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

Dense retrievers have made significant strides in text retrieval and open-domain question answering. However, most of these achievements have relied heavily on extensive human-annotated supervision. In this study, we aim to develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Rui Meng , Ye Liu , Semih Yavuz , Divyansh Agarwal , Lifu Tu , Ning Yu , Jianguo Zhang , Meghana Bhat , Yingbo Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) play powerful, black-box readers in the retrieve-then-read pipeline, making remarkable progress in knowledge-intensive tasks. This work introduces a new framework, Rewrite-Retrieve-Read instead of the previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Xinbei Ma , Yeyun Gong , Pengcheng He , Hai Zhao , Nan Duan

Large language models (LLMs) encapsulate a vast amount of factual information within their pre-trained weights, as evidenced by their ability to answer diverse questions across different domains. However, this knowledge is inherently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Oded Ovadia , Menachem Brief , Moshik Mishaeli , Oren Elisha

Dense retrieval models use bi-encoder network architectures for learning query and document representations. These representations are often in the form of a vector representation and their similarities are often computed using the dot…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Hamed Zamani , Michael Bendersky

In-context learning (ICL), teaching a large language model (LLM) to perform a task with few-shot demonstrations rather than adjusting the model parameters, has emerged as a strong paradigm for using LLMs. While early studies primarily used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Man Luo , Xin Xu , Zhuyun Dai , Panupong Pasupat , Mehran Kazemi , Chitta Baral , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Vincent Y Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks. However, their ability to generate human-like text has raised concerns about potential misuse. This underscores the need for reliable and effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Runheng Liu , Heyan Huang , Xingchen Xiao , Zhijing Wu

Large scale Vision-Language (VL) models have shown tremendous success in aligning representations between visual and text modalities. This enables remarkable progress in zero-shot recognition, image generation & editing, and many other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Wei Lin , Leonid Karlinsky , Nina Shvetsova , Horst Possegger , Mateusz Kozinski , Rameswar Panda , Rogerio Feris , Hilde Kuehne , Horst Bischof

Recently, encoder-decoder neural models have achieved great success on text generation tasks. However, one problem of this kind of models is that their performances are usually limited by the scale of well-labeled data, which are very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Hongyu Zang , Xiaojun Wan

Most studies on language model pretraining focus on large datasets, leaving open questions about optimization in data-constrained settings. In such settings, the effects of training data order and of including alternative versions of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Matthew Theodore Roque , Dan John Velasco

The information retrieval community has recently witnessed a revolution due to large pretrained transformer models. Another key ingredient for this revolution was the MS MARCO dataset, whose scale and diversity has enabled zero-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Luiz Bonifacio , Hugo Abonizio , Marzieh Fadaee , Rodrigo Nogueira

Despite the recent advancement in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, most retrieval methodologies are often developed for factual retrieval, which assumes query and positive documents are semantically similar. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Luo Ji , Feixiang Guo , Teng Chen , Qingqing Gu , Xiaoyu Wang , Ningyuan Xi , Yihong Wang , Peng Yu , Yue Zhao , Hongyang Lei , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Information retrieval systems are crucial for enabling effective access to large document collections. Recent approaches have leveraged Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance retrieval performance through query augmentation, but often rely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pengcheng Jiang , Jiacheng Lin , Lang Cao , Runchu Tian , SeongKu Kang , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun , Jiawei Han

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been developed as an efficient approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) by fine-tuning two low-rank matrices, thereby reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, prior research indicates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lin Mu , Xiaoyu Wang , Li Ni , Yang Li , Zhize Wu , Peiquan Jin , Yiwen Zhang