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In this paper, we establish a general theoretical framework for the description of continuous quantum measurements and the statistics of the results of such measurements. The framework concerns the measurement of an arbitrary quantum system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-23 Albert Franquet , Yuli V. Nazarov , Hongduo Wei

In this work, we report on a novel quantum state reconstruction process based on the disentanglement algorithm. Using variational quantum circuits, we disentangle the quantum state to a product of computational zero states. Inverse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Juan Yao

Quantum state tomography is the conventional method used to characterize density matrices for general quantum states. However, the data acquisition time generally scales linearly with the dimension of the Hilbert space, hindering the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Yiyu Zhou , Jiapeng Zhao , Darrick Hay , Kendrick McGonagle , Robert W. Boyd , Zhimin Shi

A novel operational method for estimating the efficiency of quantum state tomography protocols is suggested. It is based on a-priori estimation of the quality of an arbitrary protocol by means of universal asymptotic fidelity distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Yu. I. Bogdanov , G. Brida , M. Genovese , S. P. Kulik , E. V. Moreva , A. P. Shurupov

In this article we propose a new approach to quantum measurement in reference to the stroboscopic tomography. Generally, in the stroboscopic approach it is assumed that the information about the quantum system is encoded in the mean values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-30 Artur Czerwiński

In this paper, we examine a variety of strategies for numerical quantum-state estimation from data of the sort commonly measured in experiments involving quantum state tomography. We find that, in some important circumstances, an elaborate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 Max S. Kaznady , Daniel F. V. James

We propose a new method to directly measure a general multi-particle quantum wave function, a single matrix element in a multi-particle density matrix, by quantum teleportation. The density matrix element is embedded in a virtual logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Ming-Cheng Chen , Yuan Li , Run-Ze Liu , Dian Wu , Zu-En Su , Xi-Lin Wang , Li Li , Nai-Le Liu , Chao-Yang Lu , Jian-Wei Pan

The article introduces efficient quantum state tomography schemes for qutrits and entangled qubits subject to pure decoherence. We implement the dynamic state reconstruction method for open systems sent through phase-damping channels which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-03 Artur Czerwinski

In this paper we propose a method to estimate the density matrix \rho of a d-level quantum system by measurements on the N-fold system. The scheme is based on covariant observables and representation theory of unitary groups and it extends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Keyl

While continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems are believed to be more efficient for quantum sensing and metrology than their discrete-variable (DV) counterparts due to the infinite spectrum of their native operators, our toolkit of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Xi Lu , Bojko N. Bakalov , Yuan Liu

In this article we propose a dynamic quantum state tomography model for qutrits subject to laser cooling. We prove that one can reduce the number of distinct measurement setups required for state reconstruction by employing the stroboscopic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-30 Artur Czerwinski

In standard optical tomographic methods, the off-diagonal elements of a density matrix $\rho$ are measured indirectly. Thus, the reconstruction of $\rho$, even if it is based on linear inversion, typically magnifies small errors in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-19 Karol Bartkiewicz , Antonín Černoch , Karel Lemr , Adam Miranowicz

We present a supervised machine learning-based method using convolutional neural networks to estimate the covariance matrix of Gaussian quantum states in the presence of thermal noise. Unlike computationally intensive density matrix…

The reliable characterization of quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information science. For this purpose, quantum state tomography provides a standard framework for reconstructing quantum states from measurement data, yet it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yixuan Hu , Mengru Ma , Jiangwei Shang

We present a new procedure for quantum state reconstruction based on weak continuous measurement of an ensemble average. By applying controlled evolution to the initial state new information is continually mapped onto the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew Silberfarb , Poul S. Jessen , Ivan H. Deutsch

Quantum state tomography is both a crucial component in the field of quantum information and computation, and a formidable task that requires an incogitably large number of measurement configurations as the system dimension grows. We…

Quantum state tomography provides a fundamental framework for reconstructing quantum states. When the measurement data are not informationally complete, the observed statistics admit multiple compatible density matrices, making the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 V. A. Penas , M. Losada , D. Tielas , F. Holik

Quantifying and verifying the control level in preparing a quantum state are central challenges in building quantum devices. The quantum state is characterized from experimental measurements, using a procedure known as tomography, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-28 Quoc Hoan Tran , Kohei Nakajima

When an informationally complete measurement is not available, the reconstruction of the density operator that describes the state of a quantum system can be accomplish, in a reliable way, by adopting the maximum entropy principle (MaxEnt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Diego Tielas , Marcelo Losada , Lorena Rebón , Federico Holik

Modern day quantum simulators can prepare a wide variety of quantum states but the accurate estimation of observables from tomographic measurement data often poses a challenge. We tackle this problem by developing a quantum state tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Tobias Schmale , Moritz Reh , Martin Gärttner
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