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We present an extension of the classical theory of calculus of variations to generalized functions. The framework is the category of generalized smooth functions, which includes Schwartz distributions while sharing many nonlinear properties…
In a previous work [I. Rodnianski and Y. Shlapentokh-Rothman, Naked Singularities for the Einstein Vacuum Equations: The Exterior Solution, arXiv:1912.08478] we constructed solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations in 3+1 dimensions which…
We investigate the relation between pluri-Lagrangian hierarchies of $2$-dimensional partial differential equations and their variational symmetries. The aim is to generalize to the case of partial differential equations the recent findings…
Viewing optimization methods as numerical integrators for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) provides a thought-provoking modern framework for studying accelerated first-order optimizers. In this literature, acceleration is often…
We present a covariant multisymplectic formulation for the Einstein-Hilbert model of General Relativity. As it is described by a second-order singular Lagrangian, this is a gauge field theory with constraints. The use of the unified…
We propose a variant of elliptic multiple polylogarithms that have at most logarithmic singularities in all variables and satisfy a differential equation without homogeneous term. We investigate several non-trivial elliptic two-loop Feynman…
We rereview the classical Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem and the related uniqueness theorem of Holmgren, in the simple setting of powers of the Laplacian and a smooth curve segment in the plane. As a local problem, the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya and…
The historical Klein-Gordon transformation of complex-valued first-order in time Schroedinger equations iterates these in a naively straightforward way which changes them into complex-valued second-order in time equations that have a…
In this paper, we study the extremal problem for the Strichartz inequality for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation on $\mathbb{R}^2$. We show that the solutions to the associated Euler-Lagrange equation are exponentially decaying in the Fourier…
For a Hamiltonian $H \in C^2(\mathbb{R}^{N \times n})$ and a map $u:\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n /!\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}^N$, we consider the supremal functional \[ \label{1} \tag{1} E_\infty (u,\Omega) \ :=\…
Maximon has recently given an excellent summary of the properties of the Euler dilogarithm function and the frequently used generalizations of the dilogarithm, the most important among them being the polylogarithm function $Li_(z)$. The…
This paper contains a new elementary proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus for the Lebesgue integral. The hardest part of our proof simply concerns the convergence in ${\rm L}^1$ of a certain sequence of step functions, and we prove…
In this paper, the singularity formation of classical solutions for the compressible Euler equations with general pressure law is considered. The gradient blow-up of classical solutions is shown without any smallness assumption by the…
We prove necessary optimality conditions of Euler-Lagrange type for generalized problems of the calculus of variations on time scales with a Lagrangian depending not only on the independent variable, an unknown function and its delta…
We have shown that in some region where the Euler integral of the first kind diverges, the Euler formula defines a generalized function. The connected of this generalized function with the Dirac delta function is found.
We present a new method for the numerical solution of singular integral equations on the real axis. The method's value stems from an explicit formula for the Cauchy integral of a complex exponential multiplied by a rational function.…
We present some gauge conditions to eliminate all second time derivative terms in the vierbein forms of the ten Einstein equations of general relativity; at the same time, we present the corresponding Lagrangian in which there is not any…
The paper is devoted to the conjecture that an equation is Darboux integrable if and only if it possesses symmetries depending on arbitrary functions. We note that results of previous works together prove this conjecture for scalar partial…
The purpose of this paper is to describe geometrically discrete Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Mechanics on Lie groupoids. From a variational principle we derive the discrete Euler-Lagrange equations and we introduce a symplectic 2-section,…
In this paper, usual Sturm-Liouville problems are extended for symmetric functions so that the corresponding solutions preserve the orthogonality property. Two basic examples, which are special cases of a generalized Sturm-Liouville…