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Early detection of anomalies in medical images such as brain MRI is highly relevant for diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. Supervised machine learning methods are limited to a small number of pathologies where there is good…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Alexander Frotscher , Jaivardhan Kapoor , Thomas Wolfers , Christian F. Baumgartner

We present the task description of the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) 2023 Challenge Task 2: ``First-shot unsupervised anomalous sound detection (ASD) for machine condition monitoring''. The main goal is…

Deep learning-based industrial anomaly detection models have achieved remarkably high accuracy on commonly used benchmark datasets. However, the robustness of those models may not be satisfactory due to the existence of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Yuanpu Cao , Lu Lin , Jinghui Chen

We present the task description and discussion on the results of the DCASE 2022 Challenge Task 2: ``Unsupervised anomalous sound detection (ASD) for machine condition monitoring applying domain generalization techniques''. Domain shifts are…

Tables are an abundant form of data with use cases across all scientific fields. Real-world datasets often contain anomalous samples that can negatively affect downstream analysis. In this work, we only assume access to contaminated data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Guy Zamberg , Moshe Salhov , Ofir Lindenbaum , Amir Averbuch

Achieving robust generalization against unseen attacks remains a challenge in Audio Deepfake Detection (ADD), driven by the rapid evolution of generative models. To address this, we propose a framework centered on hard sample…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Bo Cheng , Songjun Cao , Xiaoming Zhang , Jie Chen , Long Ma , Fei Chen

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) methods aim to identify anomalies in test samples comparing them with a normative distribution learned from a dataset known to be anomaly-free. Approaches based on generative models offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Sergio Naval Marimont , Vasilis Siomos , Matthew Baugh , Christos Tzelepis , Bernhard Kainz , Giacomo Tarroni

Despite the remarkable success, recent reconstruction-based anomaly detection (AD) methods via diffusion modeling still involve fine-grained noise-strength tuning and computationally expensive multi-step denoising, leading to a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Shunsuke Sakai , Xiangteng He , Chunzhi Gu , Leonid Sigal , Tatsuhito Hasegawa

The high performance of denoising diffusion models for image generation has paved the way for their application in unsupervised medical anomaly detection. As diffusion-based methods require a lot of GPU memory and have long sampling times,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Julia Wolleb , Florentin Bieder , Paul Friedrich , Peter Zhang , Alicia Durrer , Philippe C. Cattin

Deep generative models have emerged as promising tools for detecting arbitrary anomalies in data, dispensing with the necessity for manual labelling. Recently, autoregressive transformers have achieved state-of-the-art performance for…

Known for their impressive performance in generative modeling, diffusion models are attractive candidates for density-based anomaly detection. This paper investigates different variations of diffusion modeling for unsupervised and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Victor Livernoche , Vineet Jain , Yashar Hezaveh , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Reconstruction-based approaches have achieved remarkable outcomes in anomaly detection. The exceptional image reconstruction capabilities of recently popular diffusion models have sparked research efforts to utilize them for enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Haoyang He , Jiangning Zhang , Hongxu Chen , Xuhai Chen , Zhishan Li , Xu Chen , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Lei Xie

Anomaly detection, the technique of identifying abnormal samples using only normal samples, has attracted widespread interest in industry. Existing one-model-per-category methods often struggle with limited generalization capabilities due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Jiawei Zhan , Jinxiang Lai , Bin-Bin Gao , Jun Liu , Xiaochen Chen , Chengjie Wang

Anomaly detection in medical imaging plays a crucial role in identifying pathological regions across various imaging modalities, such as brain MRI, liver CT, and carotid ultrasound (US). However, training fully supervised segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Yuan Bi , Lucie Huang , Ricarda Clarenbach , Reza Ghotbi , Angelos Karlas , Nassir Navab , Zhongliang Jiang

Unsupervised anomalous sound detection is concerned with identifying sounds that deviate from what is defined as 'normal', without explicitly specifying the types of anomalies. A significant obstacle is the diversity and rareness of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Paul Primus , Verena Haunschmid , Patrick Praher , Gerhard Widmer

Generative models have demonstrated significant success in anomaly detection and segmentation over the past decade. Recently, diffusion models have emerged as a powerful alternative, outperforming previous approaches such as GANs and VAEs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Mehrdad Moradi , Marco Grasso , Bianca Maria Colosimo , Kamran Paynabar

In medical applications, weakly supervised anomaly detection methods are of great interest, as only image-level annotations are required for training. Current anomaly detection methods mainly rely on generative adversarial networks or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Julia Wolleb , Florentin Bieder , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

State-of-the-art anomalous sound detection (ASD) systems in domain-shifted conditions rely on projecting audio signals into an embedding space and using distance-based outlier detection to compute anomaly scores. One of the major…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Kevin Wilkinghoff , Haici Yang , Janek Ebbers , François G. Germain , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux

Unsupervised anomalous sound detection (ASD) aims to detect unknown anomalous sounds of devices when only normal sound data is available. The autoencoder (AE) and self-supervised learning based methods are two mainstream methods. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jian Guan , Youde Liu , Qiuqiang Kong , Feiyang Xiao , Qiaoxi Zhu , Jiantong Tian , Wenwu Wang

Congenital malformations of the brain are among the most common fetal abnormalities that impact fetal development. Previous anomaly detection methods on ultrasound images are based on supervised learning, rely on manual annotations, and…