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We develop several algorithms for performing quantum phase estimation based on basic measurements and classical post-processing. We present a pedagogical review of quantum phase estimation and simulate the algorithm to numerically determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-30 Krysta M. Svore , Matthew B. Hastings , Michael Freedman

We propose an approach for quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) designed to enhance computational efficiency while minimizing the reliance on quantum resources. Our method leverages quantum computers to generate a sequence of signals, from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Yongdan Yang , Ruyu Yang

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) stands as a pivotal quantum computing subroutine that necessitates an inverse Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT). However, it is imperative to recognize that enhancing the precision of the estimation inevitably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Chen-Yu Liu , Chu-Hsuan Abraham Lin , Kuan-Cheng Chen

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is one of the core algorithms for quantum computing. It has been extensively studied and applied in a variety of quantum applications such as the Shor's factoring algorithm, quantum sampling algorithms and the…

Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Yulong Dong , Jonathan A. Gross , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

Estimating a quantum phase is a necessary task in a wide range of fields of quantum science. To accomplish this task, two well-known methods have been developed in distinct contexts, namely, Ramsey interferometry (RI) in atomic and…

Theoretical descriptions of excited states of molecular systems in high-energy regimes are crucial for supporting and driving many experimental efforts at light source facilities. However, capturing their complicated correlation effects…

Due to its significance as a subroutine, in this work, we consider the coherent version of the quantum phase estimation problem, where given an arbitrary input state and black-box access to unitaries $U$ and controlled-$U$, the goal is to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Dhrumil Patel , Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Yigit Subasi , Andrew T. Sornborger

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a cornerstone of quantum algorithms designed to estimate the eigenvalues of a unitary operator. QPE is typically implemented through two paradigms with distinct circuit structures: quantum Fourier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Ryosuke Kimura , Kosuke Mitarai

While Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is at the core of many quantum algorithms known to date, its physical implementation (algorithms based on quantum Fourier transform (QFT)) is highly constrained by the requirement of high-precision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-12 Hamed Ahmadi , Chen-Fu Chiang

Estimating correctly the quantum phase of a physical system is a central problem in quantum parameter estimation theory due to its wide range of applications from quantum metrology to cryptography. Ideally, the optimal quantum estimator is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Marco A. Rodríguez-García , Isaac Pérez Castillo , P. Barberis-Blostein

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a key quantum algorithm, which has been widely studied as a method to perform chemistry and solid-state calculations on future fault-tolerant quantum computers. Recently, several authors have proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Nick S. Blunt , Laura Caune , Róbert Izsák , Earl T. Campbell , Nicole Holzmann

Quantum phase estimation is one of the key algorithms in the field of quantum computing, but up until now, only approximate expressions have been derived for the probability of error. We revisit these derivations, and find that by ensuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-13 James M. Chappell , Max A. Lohe , Lorenz von Smekal , Azhar Iqbal , Derek Abbott

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is the key subroutine of several quantum computing algorithms as well as a central ingredient in quantum computational chemistry and quantum simulation. While QPE strategies have focused on the estimation of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-26 Valentin Gebhart , Augusto Smerzi , Luca Pezzè

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a cardinal algorithm in quantum computing that plays a crucial role in various applications, including cryptography, molecular simulation, and solving systems of linear equations. However, the standard…

We propose an approach to measure the quantum phase of an electron in a non-Abelian system using the algorithm of Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE). The discrete-path systems were previously studied in the context of square or rectangular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Seng Ghee Tan , Son-Hsien Chen , Ying-Cheng Yang , Yen-Fu Chen , Yen-Lin Chen , Chia-Hsiu Hsieh

Quantum Parameter Estimation (QPE) is important from the perspective of both fundamental quantum research and various practical applications of quantum technologies such as for developing optimal quantum control strategies. Standard and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Bijita Sarma , Junxin Chen , Sangkha Borah

The problem of Phase Estimation (or Amplitude Estimation) admits a quadratic quantum speedup. Wang, Higgott and Brierley [2019, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 140504] have shown that there is a continuous trade-off between quantum speedup and circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-30 Duarte Magano , Miguel Murça

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a cornerstone algorithm in quantum computing, with applications ranging from integer factorization to quantum chemistry simulations. However, the resource demands of standard QPE, which require a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

While quantum algorithms for simulation exhibit better asymptotic scaling than their classical counterparts, they currently cannot be implemented on real-world devices. Instead, chemists and computer scientists rely on costly classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-03 Christopher Kang , Nicholas P. Bauman , Sriram Krishnamoorthy , Karol Kowalski
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