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Traffic scenarios are inherently interactive. Multiple decision-makers predict the actions of others and choose strategies that maximize their rewards. We view these interactions from the perspective of game theory which introduces various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Christian Muench , Frans A. Oliehoek , Dariu M. Gavrila

To achieve complete autonomous vehicles, it is crucial for autonomous vehicles to communicate and interact with their surrounding vehicles. Especially, since the lane change scenarios do not have traffic signals and traffic rules, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Jemin Woo , Changsun Ahn

We use an immersive virtual reality environment to explore the intricate social cues that underlie non-verbal communication involved in a pedestrian's crossing decision. We "hack" non-verbal communication between pedestrian and vehicle by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Henri Schmidt , Jack Terwilliger , Dina AlAdawy , Lex Fridman

Modeling and evaluation of automated vehicles (AVs) in mixed-autonomy traffic is essential prior to their safe and efficient deployment. This is especially important at urban junctions where complex multi-agent interactions occur. Current…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Saeed Rahmani , Simeon C. Calvert , Bart van Arem

Recent work on decision making and planning for autonomous driving has made use of game theoretic methods to model interaction between agents. We demonstrate that methods based on the Stackelberg game formulation of this problem are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Jack Geary , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Henry Gouk

Recent studies have investigated new approaches for communicating an autonomous vehicle's (AV) intent and awareness to pedestrians. This paper adds to this body of work by presenting the design and evaluation of in-situ projections on the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Trung Thanh Nguyen , Kai Hollander , Marius Hoggenmueller , Callum Parker , Martin Tomitsch

Work zone navigation remains one of the most challenging manoeuvres for autonomous vehicles (AVs), where constrained geometries and unpredictable traffic patterns create a high-risk environment. Despite extensive research on AV trajectory…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Mayar Nour , Atrisha Sarkar , Mohamed H. Zaki

Interaction-aware Autonomous Driving (IAAD) is a rapidly growing field of research that focuses on the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) that are capable of interacting safely and efficiently with human road users. This is a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Luca Crosato , Kai Tian , Hubert P. H Shum , Edmond S. L. Ho , Yafei Wang , Chongfeng Wei

Compared to a manual driving vehicle (MV), an automated driving vehicle lacks a way to communicate with the pedestrian through the driver when it interacts with the pedestrian because the driver usually does not participate in driving…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Hailong Liu , Takatsugu Hirayama , Masaya Watanabe

Automated vehicles (AVs) face a critical need to adopt socially compatible behaviors and cooperate effectively with human-driven vehicles (HVs) in heterogeneous traffic environment. However, most existing lane-changing frameworks overlook…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jie Pan , Tianyi Wang , Yangyang Wang , Junfeng Jiao , Christian Claudel

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) inch closer to reality, a central requirement for acceptance will be earning the trust of humans in everyday driving situations. In particular, the interaction between AVs and pedestrians is of high importance,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Nitin R. Kapania , Vijay Govindarajan , Francesco Borrelli , J. Christian Gerdes

An increasing number of studies employ virtual reality (VR) to evaluate interactions between autonomous vehicles (AVs) and pedestrians. VR simulators are valued for their cost-effectiveness, flexibility in developing various traffic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Tram Thi Minh Tran , Callum Parker , Martin Tomitsch

In this paper, we study the decision making of multiple autonomous vehicles at a roundabout. The behaviours of the vehicles depend on their aggressiveness, which indicates how much they value speed over safety. We propose a distributed…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Sasinee Pruekprasert , Jérémy Dubut , Xiaoyi Zhang , Chao Huang , Masako Kishida

Trajectory planning involving multi-agent interactions has been a long-standing challenge in the field of robotics, primarily burdened by the inherent yet intricate interactions among agents. While game-theoretic methods are widely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Zhenmin Huang , Yusen Xie , Benshan Ma , Shaojie Shen , Jun Ma

Unanswered questions about how human-AV interaction designers can support rider's informational needs hinders Autonomous Vehicles (AV) adoption. To achieve joint human-AV action goals - such as safe transportation, trust, or learning from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Robert Kaufman , David Kirsh , Nadir Weibel

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) become increasingly prevalent, their interaction with human drivers presents a critical challenge. Current AVs lack social awareness, causing behavior that is often awkward or unsafe. To combat this, social AVs,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-25 Anirudh Chari , Rui Chen , Jaskaran Grover , Changliu Liu

Understanding the intention of vehicles in the surrounding traffic is crucial for an autonomous vehicle to successfully accomplish its driving tasks in complex traffic scenarios such as highway forced merging. In this paper, we consider a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Xiao Li , Kaiwen Liu , H. Eric Tseng , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Behavior planning and decision-making are some of the biggest challenges for highly automated systems. A fully automated vehicle (AV) is confronted with numerous tactical and strategical choices. Most state-of-the-art AV platforms implement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Piotr Franciszek Orzechowski , Christoph Burger , Martin Lauer

One of the major challenges that autonomous cars are facing today is driving in urban environments. To make it a reality, autonomous vehicles require the ability to communicate with other road users and understand their intentions. Such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Amir Rasouli , John K. Tsotsos

Understanding adaptive human driving behavior, in particular how drivers manage uncertainty, is of key importance for developing simulated human driver models that can be used in the evaluation and development of autonomous vehicles.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Johan Engström , Ran Wei , Anthony McDonald , Alfredo Garcia , Matt O'Kelly , Leif Johnson
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