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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown prominent performance in various downstream tasks and prompt engineering plays a pivotal role in optimizing LLMs' performance. This paper, not only as an overview of current prompt engineering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Haochen Li , Jonathan Leung , Zhiqi Shen

We investigate the efficacy of visual prompting to adapt large-scale models in vision. Following the recent approach from prompt tuning and adversarial reprogramming, we learn a single image perturbation such that a frozen model prompted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Hyojin Bahng , Ali Jahanian , Swami Sankaranarayanan , Phillip Isola

Despite strong performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on multimodal tasks, predicting whether and why an image is persuasive remains challenging. We first show that prompting MLLMs to reason before prediction does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naeun Lee , Hyunjong Kim , Sunghwan Choi , Injin Kong , Yohan Jo

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across a wide range of domains, with increasing emphasis on enhancing their zero-shot generalization capabilities for unseen tasks across various modalities.…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) combine the natural language understanding and generation capabilities of LLMs with perception skills in modalities such as image and audio, representing a key advancement in contemporary AI. This…

Generative large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities, which can be further augmented by integrating a pre-trained vision model into the original LLM to create a multimodal LLM (MLLM). However, this integration often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Shikhar Srivastava , Md Yousuf Harun , Robik Shrestha , Christopher Kanan

Short video platforms are evolving rapidly, making the identification of inappropriate content increasingly critical. Existing approaches typically train separate and small classification models for each type of issue, which requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zixuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hongwei Wang , Baoyu Jing , Xiang Shen , Xin Dong , Zhuolin Hao , Hongyu Xiong , Yang Song

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that integrate visual and textual reasoning leverage chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting to tackle complex visual tasks, yet continue to exhibit visual hallucinations and an over-reliance on textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jing Bi , Guangyu Sun , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated that large-scale pretraining enables systems to adapt rapidly to new problems with little supervision in the language domain. This success, however, has not translated as effectively to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Pablo Acuaviva , Aram Davtyan , Mariam Hassan , Sebastian Stapf , Ahmad Rahimi , Alexandre Alahi , Paolo Favaro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have upended decades of pedagogy in computing education. Students previously learned to code through \textit{writing} many small problems with less emphasis on code reading and comprehension. Recent research has…

Large Language Models (LLMs), benefiting from the auto-regressive modelling approach performed on massive unannotated texts corpora, demonstrates powerful perceptual and reasoning capabilities. However, as for extending auto-regressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Tianshuo Peng , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao , Ping Wang , Bo Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown considerable potential in automating decision logic within knowledge-intensive processes. However, their effectiveness largely depends on the strategy and quality of prompting. Since decision logic is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Shaghayegh Abedi , Amin Jalali

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have experienced rapid progress in visual recognition tasks in recent years. Given their potential integration into many critical applications, it is important to understand the limitations of their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiarui Zhang , Mahyar Khayatkhoei , Prateek Chhikara , Filip Ilievski

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a broad range of vision tasks. However, constrained by the capacity of their internal world knowledge, prior work has proposed augmenting MLLMs by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenxuan Huang , Yu Zeng , Qiuchen Wang , Zhen Fang , Shaosheng Cao , Zheng Chu , Qingyu Yin , Shuang Chen , Zhenfei Yin , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Shaohui Lin , Philip Torr , Feng Zhao , Wanli Ouyang

Prevailing large language models (LLMs) are capable of human responses simulation through its unprecedented content generation and reasoning abilities. However, it is not clear whether and how to leverage LLMs to simulate field experiments.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yaoyu Chen , Yuheng Hu , Yingda Lu

Vision-language models (VLMs) classify the query video by calculating a similarity score between the visual features and text-based class label representations. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been used to enrich the text-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Adeel Yousaf , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Mubarak Shah

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have played an increasing role in multimedia research. In terms of vision-language (VL) tasks, they often serve as a language encoder and still require an additional fusion network for VL reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Shubin Huang , Qiong Wu , Yiyi Zhou , Weijie Chen , Rongsheng Zhang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable vision-language capabilities, primarily due to the exceptional in-context understanding and multi-task learning strengths of large language models (LLMs). The advent of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Jianing Li , Xi Nan , Ming Lu , Li Du , Shanghang Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) hold great promise for advanced reasoning at the intersection of text and images, yet they have not fully realized this potential. MLLMs typically integrate an LLM, a vision encoder, and a connector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Nikita Rajaneesh , Thomas Zollo , Richard Zemel

We present a novel methodology aimed at optimizing the application of frozen large language models (LLMs) for resource-intensive vision-language (VL) pre-training. The current paradigm uses visual features as prompts to guide language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yiren Jian , Chongyang Gao , Soroush Vosoughi