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Anticipating and adapting to failures is a key capability robots need to collaborate effectively with humans in complex domains. This continues to be a challenge despite the impressive performance of state of the art AI planning systems and…

We propose Heterogeneous Swarms, an algorithm to design multi-LLM systems by jointly optimizing model roles and weights. We represent multi-LLM systems as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) of LLMs with topological message passing for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shangbin Feng , Zifeng Wang , Palash Goyal , Yike Wang , Weijia Shi , Huang Xia , Hamid Palangi , Luke Zettlemoyer , Yulia Tsvetkov , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

In embodied artificial intelligence, enabling heterogeneous robot teams to execute long-horizon tasks from high-level instructions remains a critical challenge. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in instruction parsing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Haishan Zeng , Mengna Wang , Peng Li

Robotic assembly planning enables architects to explicitly account for the assembly process during the design phase, and enables efficient building methods that profit from the robots' different capabilities. Previous work has addressed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Valentin Noah Hartmann , Andreas Orthey , Danny Driess , Ozgur S. Oguz , Marc Toussaint

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, OPT, and LLaMA have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in a wide range of tasks. However, training these models can incur significant expenses, often requiring tens of thousands of GPUs for months…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Fei Yang , Shuang Peng , Ning Sun , Fangyu Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Fu Wu , Jiezhong Qiu , Aimin Pan

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked a revolution across many research fields. In robotics, the integration of common-sense knowledge from LLMs into task and motion planning has drastically advanced the field by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yuchen Liu , Luigi Palmieri , Sebastian Koch , Ilche Georgievski , Marco Aiello

Coordinating a team of robots to reposition multiple objects in cluttered environments requires reasoning jointly about where robots should establish contact, how to manipulate objects once contact is made, and how to navigate safely and…

Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) plays an important role in assembly tasks by enabling robots to plan and adjust their motions based on interactive, real-time human instructions. However, such instructions are often linguistically ambiguous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Taichi Kato , Takuya Kiyokawa , Namiko Saito , Kensuke Harada

The ability to detect and analyze failed executions automatically is crucial for an explainable and robust robotic system. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning abilities on textual inputs. To leverage…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Zeyi Liu , Arpit Bahety , Shuran Song

Federated robotic task execution systems require bridging natural language instructions to distributed robot control while efficiently managing computational resources across heterogeneous edge devices without centralized coordination.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 YueMing Zhang , Shuai Xu , Zhengxiong Li , Fangtian Zhong , Xiaokun Yang , Hailu Xu

We present a control framework that enables humanoid robots to perform collaborative transportation tasks with a human partner. The framework supports both translational and rotational motions, which are fundamental to co-transport…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shubham S. Kumbhar , Abhijeet M. Kulkarni , Panagiotis Artemiadis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The release of open-source LLMs like LLaMA and Qwen has triggered the development of numerous fine-tuned models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zichuan Fu , Xian Wu , Yejing Wang , Wanyu Wang , Shanshan Ye , Hongzhi Yin , Yi Chang , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao

Despite the remarkable code generation abilities of large language models LLMs, they still face challenges in complex task handling. Robot development, a highly intricate field, inherently demands human involvement in task allocation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Zhirong Luan , Yujun Lai , Rundong Huang , Xiaruiqi Lan , Liangjun Chen , Badong Chen

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown promise for solving complex tasks through agent collaboration. However, existing frameworks assign tasks based on predefined roles without considering whether an agent can accurately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenyu Wang , Yang Shu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are key technologies driving intelligent systems to handle multiple tasks. To meet the demands of various tasks, an increasing number of LLMs-driven experts with diverse capabilities have been developed,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yuanshuai Wang , Xingjian Zhang , Jinkun Zhao , Siwei Wen , Peilin Feng , Shuhao Liao , Lei Huang , Wenjun Wu

Multi-robot task planning and collaboration are critical challenges in robotics. While Behavior Trees (BTs) have been established as a popular control architecture and are plannable for a single robot, the development of effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yishuai Cai , Xinglin Chen , Zhongxuan Cai , Yunxin Mao , Minglong Li , Wenjing Yang , Ji Wang

Multi-human multi-robot teams are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in executing large-scale, complex tasks by integrating heterogeneous yet potentially synergistic humans and robots. However, this inherent heterogeneity presents…

We propose a control synthesis framework for a heterogeneous multi-robot system to satisfy collaborative tasks, where actions may take varying duration of time to complete. We encode tasks using the discrete logic LTL^\psi, which uses the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Amy Fang , Tenny Yin , Jiawei Lin , Hadas Kress-Gazit

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in robotic planning, particularly for long-horizon tasks that require a holistic understanding of the environment for task decomposition. Existing methods typically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Puzhen Yuan , Angyuan Ma , Yunchao Yao , Huaxiu Yao , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Mingyu Ding

Efficient task allocation among multiple robots is crucial for optimizing productivity in modern warehouses, particularly in response to the increasing demands of online order fulfillment. This paper addresses the real-time multi-robot task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Aritra Pal , Anandsingh Chauhan , Mayank Baranwal