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The widespread growth in LLM developments increasingly demands more computational power from clusters than what they can supply. Traditional LLM applications inherently require huge static resource allocations, which force users to either…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Thanh Son Phung , Douglas Thain

Large language models (LLMs) often incorporate multiple text chunks in their inputs to provide the necessary contexts. To speed up the prefill of the long LLM inputs, one can pre-compute the KV cache of a text and re-use the KV cache when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Jiayi Yao , Hanchen Li , Yuhan Liu , Siddhant Ray , Yihua Cheng , Qizheng Zhang , Kuntai Du , Shan Lu , Junchen Jiang

This study introduces bifurcated attention, a method designed to enhance language model inference in shared-context batch decoding scenarios. Our approach addresses the challenge of redundant memory IO costs, a critical factor contributing…

Today's large language models (LLMs) typically train on short text segments (e.g., <4K tokens) due to the quadratic complexity of their Transformer architectures. As a result, their performance suffers drastically on inputs longer than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Chi Han , Qifan Wang , Hao Peng , Wenhan Xiong , Yu Chen , Heng Ji , Sinong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs), as the foundational architecture for next-generation interactive AI applications, not only power intelligent dialogue systems but also drive the evolution of embodied intelligence on edge devices, including…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Will Chow

LLMs encounter significant challenges in resource consumption nowadays, especially with long contexts. Despite extensive efforts dedicate to enhancing inference efficiency, these methods primarily exploit internal sparsity within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yi Zhao , Zuchao Li , Hai Zhao

In this paper, we introduce LiveMind, a novel low-latency inference framework for large language model (LLM) inference which enables LLMs to perform inferences with incomplete user input. By reallocating computational processes to the input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuangtao Chen , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

Cluster workload allocation often requires complex configurations, creating a usability gap. This paper introduces a semantic, intent-driven scheduling paradigm for cluster systems using Natural Language Processing. The system employs a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Leszek Sliwko , Jolanta Mizeria-Pietraszko

With the advancement of large language models (LLMs), their context windows have rapidly expanded. To meet diverse demands from varying-length requests in online services, existing state-of-the-art systems tune the sequence parallelism (SP)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Cong Li , Yuzhe Yang , Xuegui Zheng , Qifan Yang , Yijin Guan , Size Zheng , Li-Wen Chang , Shufan Liu , Xin Liu , Guangyu Sun

The scaling law for large language models (LLMs) depicts that the path towards machine intelligence necessitates training at large scale. Thus, companies continuously build large-scale GPU clusters, and launch training jobs that span over…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Guoliang He , Youhe Jiang , Wencong Xiao , Kaihua Jiang , Shuguang Wang , Jun Wang , Zixian Du , Zhuo Jiang , Xinlei Zhang , Binhang Yuan , Eiko Yoneki

Long-context LLMs increasingly rely on extended, reusable prefill prompts for agents and domain Q&A, pushing attention and KV-cache to become the dominant decode-time bottlenecks. While sparse attention reduces computation and transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chuxu Song , Zhencan Peng , Jiuqi Wei , Chuanhui Yang

Developing compound Large Language Model (LLM) applications is becoming an increasingly prevalent approach to solving real-world problems. In these applications, an LLM collaborates with various external modules, including APIs and even…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Botao Zhu , Chen Chen , Xiaoyi Fan , Yifei Zhu

To usher in the next round of client AI innovation, there is an urgent need to enable efficient, lossless inference of high-accuracy large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs), jointly referred to as xLMs, on client…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Aditya Ukarande , Deep Shekhar , Marc Blackstein , Ram Rangan

AI accelerator processing capabilities and memory constraints largely dictate the scale in which machine learning workloads (e.g., training and inference) can be executed within a desirable time frame. Training a state of the art,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Michael Benington , Leo Phan , Chris Pierre Paul , Evan Shoemaker , Priyanka Ranade , Torstein Collett , Grant Hodgson Perez , Christopher Krieger

Transformer-based large models excel in natural language processing and computer vision, but face severe computational inefficiencies due to the self-attention's quadratic complexity with input tokens. Recently, researchers have proposed a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Haojie Ouyang , Jianwei Lv , Lei Ren , Chen Wei , Xiaojie Wang , Fangxiang Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have presented impressive performance across several transformative tasks. However, it is non-trivial to efficiently utilize large-scale cluster resources to develop LLMs, often riddled with numerous challenges…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Qinghao Hu , Zhisheng Ye , Zerui Wang , Guoteng Wang , Meng Zhang , Qiaoling Chen , Peng Sun , Dahua Lin , Xiaolin Wang , Yingwei Luo , Yonggang Wen , Tianwei Zhang

Analyzing large datasets requires responsive query execution, but executing SQL queries on massive datasets can be slow. This paper explores whether query execution can begin even before the user has finished typing, allowing results to…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoyu Li , Srikanth Kandula , Maria Angels de Luis Balaguer , Aditya Akella , Venkat Arun

Performing inference on large volumes of samples with large language models (LLMs) can be computationally and financially costly in industry and real-world use. We propose batch prompting, a simple yet effective prompting approach that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Zhoujun Cheng , Jungo Kasai , Tao Yu

The evolution of large language models (LLMs) towards applications with ultra-long contexts faces challenges posed by the high computational and memory costs of the Transformer architecture. While existing sparse and linear attention…

Sparsity has long been a central theme in LLM efficiency, but its role in context processing remains unresolved. As LLM workloads shift toward longer contexts and agentic interactions, the compute and memory bottlenecks of attention become…

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