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The certification of randomness is essential for both fundamental science and information technologies. Unlike traditional random number generators, randomness obtained from nonlocal correlations is fundamentally guaranteed to be…

The majority of recent works investigating the link between non-locality and randomness, e.g. in the context of device-independent cryptography, do so with respect to some specific Bell inequality, usually the CHSH inequality. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-23 O. Nieto-Silleras , S. Pironio , J. Silman

Incompatibility of quantum measurements is of fundamental importance in quantum mechanics. It is closely related to many nonclassical phenomena such as Bell nonlocality, quantum uncertainty relations, and quantum steering. We study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Lin Zhang , Hua Xiang , Xianqing Li-Jost , Shao-Ming Fei

Quantum steering, also called Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, is the intriguing phenomenon associated with the ability of spatially separated observers to steer---by means of local measurements---the set of conditional quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-03 Chung-Yun Hsieh , Yeong-Cherng Liang , Ray-Kuang Lee

By combining the assumptions of Bell locality with those of generalized noncontextuality, we define classes of noncontextuality inequalities for correlations arising in a bipartite Bell circuit. These classes are distinguished by which…

Nonlocality lies at the core of quantum mechanics from both a fundamental and applicative point of view. It is typically revealed by a Bell test, that is by violation of a Bell inequality, whose success depends both on the state of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-04 Bruno Bellomo , Rosario Lo Franco , Giuseppe Compagno

Quantum correlations and non-projective measurements underlie a plethora of information-theoretic tasks, otherwise impossible in the classical world. Existing schemes to certify such non-classical resources in a device-independent manner…

In this letter we consider the problem of certification of quantum measurements with an arbitrary number of outcomes. We propose a simple scheme for certifying any set of $d$-outcome projective measurements which do not share any common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Shubhayan Sarkar , Debashis Saha , Remigiusz Augusiak

The ability that one system immediately affects another one by using local measurements is regarded as quantum steering, which can be detected by various steering criteria. Recently, Mondal et al. [Phys. Rev. A 98, 052330 (2018)] derived…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-23 Huan Yang , Zhi-Yong Ding , Xue-Ke Song , Hao Yuan , Dong Wang , Jie Yang , Chang-Jin Zhang , Liu Ye

Quantum measurements under realistic conditions reveal only partial information about a system. Yet, by performing sequential measurements on the same system, additional information can be accessed. We investigate this problem in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Carles Roch I Carceller , Hanwool Lee , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Kieran Flatt , Joonwoo Bae

Randomness certification is a foundational and practical aspect of quantum information science, essential for securing quantum communication protocols. Traditionally, these protocols have been implemented and validated with a single…

Contextuality and entanglement are valuable resources for quantum computing and quantum information. Bell inequalities are used to certify entanglement; thus, it is important to understand why and how they are violated. Quantum mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-30 Marian Kupczynski

Quantum speed limits are usually regarded as fundamental restrictions, constraining the amount of computation that can be achieved within some given time and energy. Complementary to this intuition, here we show that these limitations are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Caroline L. Jones , Albert Aloy , Gerard Higgins , Markus P. Mueller

Randomness in Bell test data can be device-independently certified by Bell's theorem without placing assumptions about the experimental devices. The device-independent randomness has very demanding requirement about the experimental devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Xing Chen , Kai Redeker , Robert Garthoff , Wenjamin Rosenfeld , Jörg Wrachtrup , Ilja Gerhardt

Quantum nonlocality has recently been classified into three distinct types: quantum entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Experimentally Bell's nonlocality is usually tested by quantum violation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-23 Jing-Ling Chen , Xiang-Jun Ye

Quantum technologies promise information processing and communication technology advancements, including random number generation (RNG). Using Bell inequalities, a user of a quantum RNG hardware can certify that the values provided by an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Robert Okuła , Piotr Mironowicz

We are interested in the problem of characterizing the correlations that arise when performing local measurements on separate quantum systems. In a previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 010401 (2007)], we introduced an infinite hierarchy of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-16 Miguel Navascues , Stefano Pironio , Antonio Acin

Recently quantum nonlocality has been classified into three distinct types: quantum entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Among which, Bell's nonlocality is the strongest type. Bell's nonlocality for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-11 Jing-Ling Chen , Changliang Ren , Changbo Chen , Xiang-Jun Ye , Arun Kumar Pati

Characterising non-classical quantum phenomena is crucial not only from a fundamental perspective, but also to better understand its capabilities for information processing and communication tasks. In this work, we focus on exploring the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-16 Vinicius P. Rossi , Matty J. Hoban , Ana Belén Sainz

In quantum mechanics, joint measurements of non-commuting observables are only possible if a minimal unavoidable measurement uncertainty is accepted. On the other hand, correlations between non-commuting observables can exceed classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Holger F. Hofmann