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Dataset Distillation (DD) aims to generate a compact synthetic dataset that enables models to achieve performance comparable to training on the full large dataset, significantly reducing computational costs. Drawing from optimal transport…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Haoyang Liu , Yijiang Li , Tiancheng Xing , Peiran Wang , Vibhu Dalal , Luwei Li , Jingrui He , Haohan Wang

In recent years, Rectified flow (RF) has gained considerable popularity largely due to its generation efficiency and state-of-the-art performance. In this paper, we investigate the degree to which RF automatically adapts to the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Saptarshi Roy , Alessandro Rinaldo , Purnamrita Sarkar

Pre-trained diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative priors for both unconditional and conditional sample generation, yet their outputs often deviate from the characteristics of user-specific target data. Such mismatches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Matina Mahdizadeh Sani , Nima Jamali , Mohammad Jalali , Farzan Farnia

The aim of this paper is twofold. Based on the geometric Wasserstein tangent space, we first introduce Wasserstein steepest descent flows. These are locally absolutely continuous curves in the Wasserstein space whose tangent vectors point…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Johannes Hertrich , Manuel Gräf , Robert Beinert , Gabriele Steidl

Scoring matching (SM), and its related counterpart, Stein discrepancy (SD) have achieved great success in model training and evaluations. However, recent research shows their limitations when dealing with certain types of distributions. One…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Wenbo Gong , Yingzhen Li

Covariate shifts are a common problem in predictive modeling on real-world problems. This paper proposes addressing the covariate shift problem by minimizing Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) statistics between the training and test sets in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Liwen Ouyang , Aaron Key

Density-based distances (DBDs) provide a principled approach to metric learning by defining distances in terms of the underlying data distribution. By employing a Riemannian metric that increases in regions of low probability density,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Peter Sorrenson , Daniel Behrend-Uriarte , Christoph Schnörr , Ullrich Köthe

We study the Wasserstein gradient flow of the Sinkhorn divergence when both the source and the target are Gaussian distributions. We prove the existence of a flow that stays in the class of Gaussian distributions, and is unique in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Mathis Hardion , Théo Lacombe

Variational flows allow practitioners to learn complex continuous distributions, but approximating discrete distributions remains a challenge. Current methodologies typically embed the discrete target in a continuous space - usually via…

Computation · Statistics 2024-02-27 Gian Carlo Diluvi , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy , Trevor Campbell

We propose a variational form of the BDF2 method as an alternative to the commonly used minimizing movement scheme for the time-discrete approximation of gradient flows in abstract metric spaces. Assuming uniform semi-convexity --- but no…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-25 Daniel Matthes , Simon Plazotta

Decentralized optimization has become a fundamental tool for large-scale learning systems; however, most existing methods rely on the classical Lipschitz smoothness assumption, which is often violated in problems with rapidly varying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Yanan Bo , Yongqiang Wang

Many real-world data are sequentially collected over time and often exhibit skewed class distributions, resulting in imbalanced data streams. While existing approaches have explored several strategies, such as resampling and reweighting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Han Zhou , Hongpeng Yin , Xuanhong Deng , Yuyu Huang , Hao Ren

Kernel embeddings of distributions and the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), the resulting distance between distributions, are useful tools for fully nonparametric two-sample testing and learning on distributions. However, it is rarely that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-07 Ho Chung Leon Law , Christopher Yau , Dino Sejdinovic

Vision-Language Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) (Rombach et al., 2022) provide powerful generative priors for inverse problems. However, existing LDM-based inverse solvers typically require a large number of neural function evaluations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Alessio Spagnoletti , Tim Y. J. Wang , Marcelo Pereyra , O. Deniz Akyildiz

Unlike standard expected-return Reinforcement Learning (RL), Distributional RL (DRL) models the full return distribution, making it better-suited for uncertainty-aware and risk-sensitive decision-making. Conditional Flow Matching (CFM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michael Groom , Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Lars Kunze , James Wilson , Nick Hawes

We introduce an ordinary differential equation (ODE) based deep generative method for learning conditional distributions, named Conditional F\"ollmer Flow. Starting from a standard Gaussian distribution, the proposed flow could approximate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-14 Jinyuan Chang , Zhao Ding , Yuling Jiao , Ruoxuan Li , Jerry Zhijian Yang

Normalizing flow is a generative modeling approach with efficient sampling. However, Flow-based models suffer two issues: 1) If the target distribution is manifold, due to the unmatch between the dimensions of the latent target distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Qinglong Meng , Chongkun Xia , Xueqian Wang

Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) and its variants have been widely used for text-to-3D generation by distilling 2D image diffusion priors. However, the standard SDS objective is prone to severe mode collapse, frequently yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rohith Ramanan , A. N. Rajagopalan

Distribution matching distillation (DMD) facilitates few-step image generation by aligning a distilled student with a reference multi-step teacher. In practice, however, optimizing DMD can reduce sample diversity in few-step synthesis, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Tianhe Wu , Ruibin Li , Lei Zhang , Kede Ma

We prove that the sequence of marginals obtained from the iterations of the Sinkhorn algorithm or the iterative proportional fitting procedure (IPFP) on joint densities, converges to an absolutely continuous curve on the $2$-Wasserstein…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Nabarun Deb , Young-Heon Kim , Soumik Pal , Geoffrey Schiebinger
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