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Humans organize knowledge into compact conceptual categories that balance compression with semantic richness. Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive linguistic abilities, but whether they navigate this same compression-meaning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Chen Shani , Liron Soffer , Dan Jurafsky , Yann LeCun , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv

While systems designed for solving planning tasks vastly outperform Large Language Models (LLMs) in this domain, they usually discard the rich semantic information embedded within task descriptions. In contrast, LLMs possess parametrised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Andrey Borro , Patricia J Riddle , Michael W Barley , Michael J Witbrock

Domain-specific knowledge can significantly contribute to addressing a wide variety of vision tasks. However, the generation of such knowledge entails considerable human labor and time costs. This study investigates the potential of Large…

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced various fields, including natural language processing and automated dialogue systems. This paper explores the application of LLMs in psychological counseling, addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Wenjie Li , Tianyu Sun , Kun Qian , Wenhong Wang

Long document summarization poses a significant challenge in natural language processing due to input lengths that exceed the capacity of most state-of-the-art pre-trained language models. This study proposes a hierarchical framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuan-Jhe Yin , Bo-Yu Chen , Berlin Chen

While large language models (LLMs) leverage both knowledge and reasoning during inference, the capacity to distinguish between them plays a pivotal role in model analysis, interpretability, and development. Inspired by dual-system cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Mutian Yang , Jiandong Gao , Ji Wu

Knowledge Components (KCs) are foundational to adaptive learning systems, but their manual identification by domain experts is a significant bottleneck. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising avenue for automating this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Canwen Wang , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong general language capabilities. However, fine-tuning these models on domain-specific tasks often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where the model overwrites or loses essential knowledge acquired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shezheng Song , Hao Xu , Jun Ma , Shasha Li , Long Peng , Qian Wan , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu

Large Language Models store extensive factual knowledge acquired during large-scale pre-training. However, this knowledge is inherently static, reflecting only the state of the world at the time of training. Knowledge editing has emerged as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Geunyeong Jeong , Juoh Sun , Seonghee Lee , Harksoo Kim

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling complex dialogue tasks without requiring use case-specific fine-tuning. However, analyzing live dialogues in real-time necessitates low-latency processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xuanqing Liu , Luyang Kong , Wei Niu , Afshin Khashei , Belinda Zeng , Steve Johnson , Jon Jay , Davor Golac , Matt Pope

Large language models (LLMs) hold great promise for specialized scientific domains such as materials science, yet adapting them efficiently and accurately to domain-specific knowledge remains challenging due to limited data and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Chuan-Wei Kuo , Siyu Chen , Chenqi Yan , Yu Yang Fredrik Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown substantial progress in natural language understanding and generation, proving valuable especially in the medical field. Despite advancements, challenges persist due to the complexity and diversity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yusheng Liao , Shuyang Jiang , Zhe Chen , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on various medical benchmarks, but their capabilities across different cognitive levels remain underexplored. Inspired by Bloom's Taxonomy, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuxuan Zhou , Xien Liu , Chenwei Yan , Chen Ning , Xiao Zhang , Boxun Li , Xiangling Fu , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu , Yu Wang , Ji Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in decision-making due to the vast amount of knowledge stored within the models. However, these pre-trained models are prone to lack reasoning abilities and are difficult to adapt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wei Chen , Jiahao Zhang , Haipeng Zhu , Boyan Xu , Zhifeng Hao , Keli Zhang , Junjian Ye , Ruichu Cai

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive task-solving capabilities through prompting techniques and system designs, including solving planning tasks (e.g., math proofs, basic travel planning) when sufficient data is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Wenjun Li , Changyu Chen , Pradeep Varakantham

Modern large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on inference-time planning and external tools to improve reasoning. We benchmark this behavior on two real-world settings: event-centric question answering over graph-structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Subha Ghoshal , Ali Al-Bustami

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance natural language processing with their ability to generate human-like text across a range of tasks. Despite the remarkable success of LLMs in Natural Language Processing (NLP), their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Walid Mohamed Aly , Taysir Hassan A. Soliman , Amr Mohamed AbdelAziz

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has revolutionized the field of natural language processing, enabling significant progress in various applications. One key area of interest is the construction of Knowledge Bases (KB) using these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Anmol Nayak , Hari Prasad Timmapathini

Large language models (LLMs) can store a significant amount of factual knowledge in their parameters. However, their parametric knowledge may conflict with the information provided in the context -- this phenomenon, known as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yu Zhao , Alessio Devoto , Giwon Hong , Xiaotang Du , Aryo Pradipta Gema , Hongru Wang , Xuanli He , Kam-Fai Wong , Pasquale Minervini