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This paper presents an open data approach to model and solve the vehicle routing problem with time-dependent travel times (TDVRP). The proposed model is based on a multi-layer matrix composed of travel times, replacing the traditional…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-23 Augustin Lombard , Simon Tamayo , Frédéric Fontane

We define a new problem called the Vehicle Scheduling Problem (VSP). The goal is to minimize an objective function, such as the number of tardy vehicles over a transportation network subject to maintaining safety distances, meeting hard…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Mirmojtaba Gharibi , Steven L. Waslander , Raouf Boutaba

Autonomous vehicles such as the Mars rovers currently lead the vanguard of surface exploration on extraterrestrial planets and moons. In order to accelerate the pace of exploration and science objectives, it is critical to plan safe and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Adam Dai , Shubh Gupta , Grace Gao

Autonomous planetary vehicles, also known as rovers, are small autonomous vehicles equipped with a variety of sensors used to perform exploration and experiments on a planet's surface. Rovers work in a partially unknown environment, with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-07-30 Giuseppe Della Penna , Benedetto Intrigila , Daniele Magazzeni , Fabio Mercorio

In this paper, we present the Electric Mobility Dial-a-Ride Problem (EM-DARP), which extends the Electric Vehicle Dial-a-Ride Problem (EV-DARP) to better accommodate human-focused mobility services. The problem involves utilizing a fleet of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Mostafa Emam , Björn Martens , Thomas Rottmann , Matthias Gerdts

This paper proposes an Acceleration and Load-Dependent Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (ALD-EVRP), to optimize the energy consumption (EC) while capturing the effects of changing traffic conditions between peak and off-peak periods. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Tingting Su , Xinyue Zhang , Jingyi Zhao

This paper studies the integrated spacecraft routing and trajectory optimization problem for satellite servicing missions involving partial en-route propellant replenishment. Unlike terrestrial routing problems, spacecraft operate in a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Euihyeon Choi , Koki Ho

We are in the midst of a semi-autonomous era in urban transportation in which varying forms of vehicle autonomy are gradually being introduced. This phase of partial autonomy is anticipated by some to span a few decades due to various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-07 Hins Hu , Samitha Samaranayake

Problem definition: Motivated by global electrification targets and the advent of electric modular autonomous units (E-MAUs), this paper addresses a robust charging station location and routing-scheduling problem (E-RCRSP) in an inter-modal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Dongyang Xia , Lixing Yang , Yahan Lu , Shadi Sharif Azadeh

This paper aims to introduce a mathematical model to solve the time-dependent electric vehicles routing problem in shared travels. Shared mobility has gained significance recently due to its contribution to the alleviation of traffic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Alireza Yazdiani , Shayan Bafandkar , Amir Elmi , Yousef Shafahi

This paper introduces a reinforcement learning approach to optimize the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (SVRP), focusing on reducing travel costs in goods delivery. We develop a novel SVRP formulation that accounts for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Zangir Iklassov , Ikboljon Sobirov , Ruben Solozabal , Martin Takac

The paper presents an approach to solving the Robust Energy Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (RECVRP), focusing on electric vehicles and their limited battery capacity. A finite number of customers, each with their own demand, have to be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Mark Pustilnik , Francesco Borrelli

In the classic Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) a fleet of of vehicles has to visit a set of customers while minimising the operations' costs. We study a rich variant of the VRP featuring split deliveries, an heterogeneous fleet, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Arthur Mahéo , Tommaso Urli , Philip Kilby

Despite the extensive research efforts and the remarkable results obtained on Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) by using algorithms proposed by the Machine Learning community that are partially or entirely based on data-driven analysis, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Luca Accorsi , Andrea Lodi , Daniele Vigo

In the last decades, the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), i.e., assigning a set of orders to vehicles and planning their routes has been intensively researched. As only the assignment of order to vehicles and their routes is already…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Veronika Lesch , Maximilian König , Samuel Kounev , Anthony Stein , Christian Krupitzer

Future planetary exploration rovers must operate for extended durations on hybrid power inputs that combine steady radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) output with variable solar photovoltaic (PV) availability. While energy-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Tianxin Hu , Weixiang Guo , Ruimeng Liu , Xinhang Xu , Rui Qian , Jinyu Chen , Shenghai Yuan , Lihua Xie

Electric Location-Routing models (ELRP) can contribute to the effective planning of electric vehicles (EVs) fleets and charging infrastructure within EV logistic networks because it simultaneously combines routing and location decisions to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Luiz Eduardo Cotta Monteiro , Rafael Martinelli

The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) extends the capacitated vehicle routing problem by incorporating battery constraints and charging stations, posing significant optimization challenges. This paper introduces a Trilevel Memetic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ivan Milinović , Leon Stjepan Uroić , Marko Đurasević

The accelerated electrification of transport systems with EVs has brought new challenges for charging scheduling, fleet management, and charging infrastructure location and configuration planning. In this review, we have provided a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Tai-Yu Ma , Yumeng Fang

Routing problems are optimization problems that consider a set of goals in a graph to be visited by a vehicle (or a fleet of them) in an optimal way, while numerous constraints have to be satisfied. We present a solution based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Miroslav Kulich , Roman Sushkov , Libor Přeučil