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While large language models (LLMs) bring not only performance but also complexity, recent work has started to turn LLMs into data generators rather than task inferencers, where another affordable task model is trained for efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jiacheng Ye , Chengzu Li , Lingpeng Kong , Tao Yu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown premise in a broad range of vision-language tasks with their strong reasoning and generalization capabilities. However, they require considerable computational resources for training and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Guiming Hardy Chen , Shunian Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Junying Chen , Xiangbo Wu , Zhiyi Zhang , Zhihong Chen , Jianquan Li , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang

Text-to-image models are powerful for producing high-quality images based on given text prompts, but crafting these prompts often requires specialized vocabulary. To address this, existing methods train rewriting models with supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongji Yang , Yucheng Zhou , Wencheng Han , Jianbing Shen

Large language models (LLMs) can be used to generate natural language explanations (NLE) that are adapted to different users' situations. However, there is yet to be a quantitative evaluation of the extent of such adaptation. To bridge this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Pengshuo Qiu , Frank Rudzicz , Zining Zhu

Facial emotion perception in the vision large language model (VLLM) is crucial for achieving natural human-machine interaction. However, creating high-quality annotations for both coarse- and fine-grained facial emotion analysis demands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Feifan Wang , Tengfei Song , Minggui He , Chang Su , Zhanglin Wu , Hao Yang , Wenming Zheng , Osamu Yoshie

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

Natural language is a powerful complementary modality of communication for data visualizations, such as bar and line charts. To facilitate chart-based reasoning using natural language, various downstream tasks have been introduced recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mohammed Saidul Islam , Raian Rahman , Ahmed Masry , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Mir Tafseer Nayeem , Enamul Hoque

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity due to their ability to perform ad-hoc Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks with a simple natural language prompt. Part of the appeal for LLMs is their approachability to the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aditi Mishra , Utkarsh Soni , Anjana Arunkumar , Jinbin Huang , Bum Chul Kwon , Chris Bryan

The field of data visualisation has long aimed to devise solutions for generating visualisations directly from natural language text. Research in Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) has contributed towards the development of such techniques.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Paula Maddigan , Teo Susnjak

Vision Language Models (VLMs) often struggle with chart understanding tasks, particularly in accurate chart description and complex reasoning. Synthetic data generation is a promising solution, while usually facing the challenge of noise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Gongyao Jiang , Qiong Luo

Natural language interfaces (NLIs) enable users to flexibly specify analytical intentions in data visualization. However, diagnosing the visualization results without understanding the underlying generation process is challenging. Our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Bo Pan , Kam Kwai Wong , Yi Ren , Shi Liu , Zihan Yan , Yuxin Ma , Huamin Qu , Wei Chen

Neural network based approaches to data-to-text natural language generation (NLG) have gained popularity in recent years, with the goal of generating a natural language prompt that accurately realizes an input meaning representation. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Yuheng Du , Shereen Oraby , Vittorio Perera , Minmin Shen , Anjali Narayan-Chen , Tagyoung Chung , Anu Venkatesh , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

The domain of joint vision-language understanding, especially in the context of reasoning in Visual Question Answering (VQA) models, has garnered significant attention in the recent past. While most of the existing VQA models focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Rakesh Vaideeswaran , Feng Gao , Abhinav Mathur , Govind Thattai

Recent advances in visual-language machine learning models have demonstrated exceptional ability to use natural language and understand visual scenes by training on large, unstructured datasets. However, this training paradigm cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Anthony C Davis , Burhan Sadiq , Tianmin Shu , Chien-Ming Huang

Background: Over the past few decades, the process and methodology of automated question generation (AQG) have undergone significant transformations. Recent progress in generative natural language models has opened up new potential in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Dominic Lohr , Marc Berges , Abhishek Chugh , Michael Kohlhase , Dennis Müller

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are a special form of data annotation in which annotators identify rationales (most significant text tokens) when assigning labels to data instances, and write out explanations for the labels in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Xinyan Zhao , V. G. Vinod Vydiswaran

Bootstrapping from pre-trained language models has been proven to be an efficient approach for building vision-language models (VLM) for tasks such as image captioning or visual question answering. However, outputs of these models rarely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Manuel Brack , Patrick Schramowski , Björn Deiseroth , Kristian Kersting

Natural language is among the most accessible tools for explaining decisions to humans, and large pretrained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive abilities to generate coherent natural language explanations (NLE). The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zining Zhu , Haoming Jiang , Jingfeng Yang , Sreyashi Nag , Chao Zhang , Jie Huang , Yifan Gao , Frank Rudzicz , Bing Yin

While vision-language models (VLMs) excel at tasks involving single images or short videos, they still struggle with Long Video Question Answering (LVQA) due to its demand for complex multi-step temporal reasoning. Vanilla approaches, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sahil Shah , S P Sharan , Harsh Goel , Minkyu Choi , Mustafa Munir , Manvik Pasula , Radu Marculescu , Sandeep Chinchali

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate enhanced capabilities and reliability by reasoning more, evolving from Chain-of-Thought prompting to product-level solutions like OpenAI o1. Despite various efforts to improve LLM reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Yuhao Dong , Zuyan Liu , Hai-Long Sun , Jingkang Yang , Winston Hu , Yongming Rao , Ziwei Liu