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Related papers: Instruction Tuning Vs. In-Context Learning: Revisi…

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Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across various tasks, but their performance on domain-specific tasks remains limited. While methods like retrieval augmented generation and fine-tuning can help to address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 M. Mehdi Mojarradi , Lingyi Yang , Robert McCraith , Adam Mahdi

In-context learning (ICL) is an important yet not fully understood ability of pre-trained large language models (LLMs). It can greatly enhance task performance using a few examples, termed demonstrations, without fine-tuning. Although…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Do Xuan Long , Duong Ngoc Yen , Do Xuan Trong , Luu Anh Tuan , Kenji Kawaguchi , Shafiq Joty , Min-Yen Kan , Nancy F. Chen

In-context learning (ICL) using large language models for tasks with many labels is challenging due to the limited context window, which makes it difficult to fit a sufficient number of examples in the prompt. In this paper, we use a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Aristides Milios , Siva Reddy , Dzmitry Bahdanau

Large language models (LLMs) are capable to perform complex reasoning by in-context learning (ICL) when provided with a few input-output demonstrations (demos) and more powerful when intermediate reasoning steps ("chain of thoughts (CoT)")…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Jiuhai Chen , Lichang Chen , Chen Zhu , Tianyi Zhou

Large Language models (LLMs) possess the capability to engage In-context Learning (ICL) by leveraging a few demonstrations pertaining to a new downstream task as conditions. However, this particular learning paradigm suffers from high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Hongfu Liu , Ye Wang

Auditory Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of speech and audio understanding tasks. Nevertheless, they often struggle when applied to low-resource tasks. In case in-domain labeled data are…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haolong Zheng , Siyin Wang , Zengrui Jin , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed NLP with their remarkable In-context Learning (ICL) capabilities. Automated assistants based on LLMs are gaining popularity; however, adapting them to novel tasks is still challenging. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Anwoy Chatterjee , Eshaan Tanwar , Subhabrata Dutta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Large pretrained language models (LLMs) can be rapidly adapted to a wide variety of tasks via a text-to-text approach, where the instruction and input are fed to the model in natural language. Combined with in-context learning (ICL), this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Marc-Etienne Brunet , Ashton Anderson , Richard Zemel

In-Context Learning (ICL) in Large Language Models (LLM) has emerged as the dominant technique for performing natural language tasks, as it does not require updating the model parameters with gradient-based methods. ICL promises to "adapt"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Georgios Chochlakis , Niyantha Maruthu Pandiyan , Kristina Lerman , Shrikanth Narayanan

In this work, we evaluate 10 open-source instructed LLMs on four representative code comprehension and generation tasks. We have the following main findings. First, for the zero-shot setting, instructed LLMs are very competitive on code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiqiang Yuan , Junwei Liu , Qiancheng Zi , Mingwei Liu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

Longitudinal NLP tasks require reasoning over temporally ordered text to detect persistence and change in human behavior and opinions. However, in-context learning with large language models struggles on tasks where models must integrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Iqra Ali , Talia Tseriotou , Mahmud Elahi Akhter , Yuxiang Zhou , Maria Liakata

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities, one of the most important being in-context learning (ICL). With ICL, LLMs can derive the underlying rule from a few demonstrations and provide answers that comply with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bowen Zheng , Ming Ma , Zhongqiao Lin , Tianming Yang

Preference-based reinforcement learning is an effective way to handle tasks where rewards are hard to specify but can be exceedingly inefficient as preference learning is often tabula rasa. We demonstrate that Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Chao Yu , Qixin Tan , Hong Lu , Jiaxuan Gao , Xinting Yang , Yu Wang , Yi Wu , Eugene Vinitsky

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of successfully performing many language processing tasks zero-shot (without training data). If zero-shot LLMs can also reliably classify and explain social phenomena like persuasiveness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Caleb Ziems , William Held , Omar Shaikh , Jiaao Chen , Zhehao Zhang , Diyi Yang

Anomaly detection in computational workflows is critical for ensuring system reliability and security. However, traditional rule-based methods struggle to detect novel anomalies. This paper leverages large language models (LLMs) for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Hongwei Jin , George Papadimitriou , Krishnan Raghavan , Pawel Zuk , Prasanna Balaprakash , Cong Wang , Anirban Mandal , Ewa Deelman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous in NLP and deep learning. In-Context Learning (ICL) has been suggested as a bridging paradigm between the training-free and fine-tuning LLMs settings. In ICL, an LLM is conditioned to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jérémie Cabessa , Hugo Hernault , Umer Mushtaq

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to solve complex tasks through In-Context Learning (ICL), where models learn from a few input-output pairs without explicit fine-tuning. In this paper, we explore the capacity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Paimon Goulart , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a new task by merely conditioning on task instructions and a few input-output examples, without optimizing any parameters. This is called In-Context Learning (ICL). In-context Information Extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Chaoxu Pang , Yixuan Cao , Qiang Ding , Ping Luo

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. However, the underlying working mechanism of ICL remains poorly understood. Recent research presents two conflicting views on ICL: One emphasizes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Anhao Zhao , Fanghua Ye , Jinlan Fu , Xiaoyu Shen

Spurred by advancements in scale, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong few-shot learning ability via in-context learning (ICL). However, the performance of ICL has been shown to be highly sensitive to the selection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chengwei Qin , Aston Zhang , Chen Chen , Anirudh Dagar , Wenming Ye