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The first direct detection of gravitational waves may be made through observations of pulsars. The principal aim of pulsar timing array projects being carried out worldwide is to detect ultra-low frequency gravitational waves (f ~ 10^-9 to…

Efforts to detect gravitational waves by timing an array of pulsars have focused traditionally on stationary gravitational waves: e.g., stochastic or periodic signals. Gravitational wave bursts --- signals whose duration is much shorter…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Lee Samuel Finn , Andrea N. Lommen

Gravitational waves are predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity as well as other theories of gravity. The rotational stability of the fastest pulsars means that timing of an array of these objects can be used to detect and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 J. Ellis , M. A. McLaughlin , J. P. W. Verbiest

Gravitational wave burst is a catch-all category for signals whose durations are shorter than the observation period. We apply a method new to gravitational wave data analysis --- Bayesian non-parameterics --- to the problem of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Xihao Deng

Pulsar Timing Arrays search for nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves by regularly observing ensembles of millisecond pulsars over many years to look for correlated timing residuals. Recently the first evidence for a stochastic…

Pulsar timing arrays recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB), likely the stochastic overlap of GWs from many supermassive black hole binaries. Anticipating a continuous gravitational wave (CW) detection from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Emiko C. Gardiner , Bence Bécsy , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Neil J. Cornish

With periods much longer than the duration of current pulsar timing surveys, gravitational waves in the picohertz (pHz) regime are not detectable in the typical analysis framework for pulsar timing data. However, signatures of these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-09 Qinyuan Zheng , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , William DeRocco , Jonathan Nay , Kimberly K. Boddy , Jeff A. Dror

The detection of nanoHertz gravitational waves through pulsar timing arrays hinges on identifying a common stochastic process affecting all pulsars in a correlated way across the sky. In the presence of other deterministic and stochastic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Patrick M. Meyers , Katerina Chatziioannou , Michele Vallisneri , Alvin J. K. Chua

With the strong evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background in the nanohertz frequency band from pulsar timing arrays, the detection of continuous GWs from individual supermassive black hole binaries is already at the dawn. Utilizing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-23 Dicong Liang , Siyuan Chen , Chao Zhang , Lijing Shao

The search for gravitational waves generated by the inspiral phase of binaries of light compact objects holds significant promise in testing the existence of primordial black holes and/or other exotic objects. In this paper, we present a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-08 M. Andrés-Carcasona , O. J. Piccinni , M. Martínez , Ll. M. Mir

We present and assess a Bayesian method to interpret gravitational wave signals from binary black holes. Our method directly compares gravitational wave data to numerical relativity simulations. This procedure bypasses approximations used…

Searches for continuous gravitational waves from rapidly spinning neutron stars normally assume that the star rotates about one of its principal axes of moment of inertia, and hence the gravitational radiation emits only at twice the spin…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Ling Sun , Andrew Melatos , Paul D. Lasky

After large galaxies merge, their central supermassive black holes are expected to form binary systems whose orbital motion generates a gravitational wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies. Searches for this background utilize…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-12 M. Ajello , W. B. Atwood , L. Baldini , J. Ballet , G. Barbiellini , D. Bastieri , R. Bellazzini , A. Berretta , B. Bhattacharyya , E. Bissaldi , R. D. Blandford , E. Bloom , R. Bonino , P. Bruel , R. Buehler , E. Burns , S. Buson , R. A. Cameron , P. A. Caraveo , E. Cavazzuti , N. Cibrario , S. Ciprini , C. J. Clark , I. Cognard , J. Coronado-Blázquez , M. Crnogorcevic , H. Cromartie , K. Crowter , S. Cutini , F. D'Ammando , S. D. Gaetano , F. d. Palma , S. W. Digel , N. D. Lalla , F. Fan. Dirirsa , L. D. Venere , A. Domínguez , E. C. Ferrara , A. Fiori , A. Franckowiak , Y. Fukazawa , S. Funk , P. Fusco , V. Gammaldi , F. Gargano , D. Gasparrini , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , D. Green , I. A. Grenier , L. Guillemot , S. Guiriec , M. Gustafsson , A. K. Harding , E. Hays , J. W. Hewitt , D. Horan , X. Hou , G. Jóhannesson , M. J. Keith , M. Kerr , M. Kramer , M. Kuss , S. Larsson , L. Latronico , J. Li , F. Longo , F. Loparco , M. N. Lovellette , P. Lubrano , S. Maldera , A. Manfreda , G. Martí-Devesa , M. N. Mazziotta , I. Mereu , P. F. Michelson , N. Mirabal , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Mizuno , M. E. Monzani , A. Morselli , M. Negro , L. Nieder , R. Ojha , N. Omodei , M. Orienti , E. Orlando , J. F. Ormes , D. Paneque , A. Parthasarathy , Z. Pei , M. Persic , M. Pesce-Rollins , R. Pillera , H. Poon , T. A. Porter , G. Principe , J. L. Racusin , S. Rainò , R. Rando , B. Rani , S. M. Ransom , P. S. Ray , M. Razzano , S. Razzaque , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , J. Roy , M. Sánchez-Conde , P. M. Sa. Parkinson , J. Scargle , L. Scotton , D. Serini , C. Sgrò , E. J. Siskind , D. A. Smith , G. Spandre , R. Spiewak , P. Spinelli , I. Stairs , D. J. Suson , S. J. Swihart , S. Tabassum , J. B. Thayer , G. Theureau , D. F. Torres , E. Troja , J. Valverde , Z. Wadiasingh , K. Wood , G. Zaharijas

The nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is expected to be an aggregate signal of an ensemble of gravitational waves emitted predominantly by a large population of coalescing supermassive black hole binaries in the centres of…

We introduce a technique for gravitational-wave analysis, where Gaussian process regression is used to emulate the strain spectrum of a stochastic background using population-synthesis simulations. This leads to direct Bayesian inference on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 Stephen R. Taylor , Joseph Simon , Laura Sampson

Gravitational waves are a radically new way to peer into the darkest depths of the cosmos. Pulsars can be used to make direct detections of gravitational waves through precision timing. When a gravitational wave passes between a pulsar and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-28 Stephen R. Taylor

Arrays of precisely-timed millisecond pulsars are used to search for gravitational waves with periods of months to decades. Gravitational waves affect the path of radio pulses propagating from a pulsar to Earth, causing the arrival times of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-13 Stephen R. Taylor

Pulsar Timing Arrays are a prime tool to study unexplored astrophysical regimes with gravitational waves. Here we show that the detection of gravitational radiation from individually resolvable super-massive black hole binary systems can…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-08-24 C. M. F. Mingarelli , K. Grover , T. Sidery , R. J. E. Smith , A. Vecchio

The measurement precision of the static atomic gravimetry is limited by white Gaussian noise in short term, which costs previous works an inevitable integration to reach the precision demanded. Here, we propose a statistical model based on…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Bo-Nan Jiang

Pulsar timing array collaborations, such as the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), are seeking to detect nanohertz gravitational waves emitted by supermassive black hole binaries formed in the aftermath…