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Wasserstein GANs are based on the idea of minimising the Wasserstein distance between a real and a generated distribution. We provide an in-depth mathematical analysis of differences between the theoretical setup and the reality of training…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-06 Jan Stanczuk , Christian Etmann , Lisa Maria Kreusser , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Diffusion models are one of the most important families of deep generative models. In this note, we derive a quantitative upper bound on the Wasserstein distance between the data-generating distribution and the distribution learned by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Sokhna Diarra Mbacke , Omar Rivasplata

Recent advances in high-resolution sequencing have paved the way for population-scale analysis in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. scRNA-seq data, in particular, have proven to be extremely powerful in profiling a variety of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Hanxuan Ye , Zachary Qian , Hongzhe Li

We introduce principal curves in Wasserstein space, and in general compact metric spaces. Our motivation for the Wasserstein case comes from optimal-transport-based trajectory inference, where a developing population of cells traces out a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Andrew Warren , Anton Afanassiev , Forest Kobayashi , Young-Heon Kim , Geoffrey Schiebinger

Nonparametric two sample or homogeneity testing is a decision theoretic problem that involves identifying differences between two random variables without making parametric assumptions about their underlying distributions. The literature is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-14 Aaditya Ramdas , Nicolas Garcia , Marco Cuturi

Several of the next generation sequencers are limited in their sample preparation process by the need to make an absolute measurement of the number of template molecules in the library to be sequenced. As currently practiced, the practical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2008-08-19 Richard A. White , Paul Blainey , H. Christina Fan , Stephen R. Quake

We introduce a novel optimal transport framework for probabilistic circuits (PCs). While it has been shown recently that divergences between distributions represented as certain classes of PCs can be computed tractably, to the best of our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Adrian Ciotinga , YooJung Choi

In modern scientific research, small-scale studies with limited participants are increasingly common. However, interpreting individual outcomes can be challenging, making it standard practice to combine data across studies using random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Lucas Kania , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

We investigate the Wasserstein distance between the empirical spectral distribution of non-Hermitian random matrices and the Circular Law. For general entry distributions, we obtain a nearly optimal rate of convergence in 1-Wasserstein…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Jonas Jalowy

This paper presents a unified approach based on Wasserstein distance to derive concentration bounds for empirical estimates for two broad classes of risk measures defined in the paper. The classes of risk measures introduced include as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-11 Prashanth L. A. , Sanjay P. Bhat

This paper deals with the estimation of a probability measure on the real line from data observed with an additive noise. We are interested in rates of convergence for the Wasserstein metric of order $p\geq 1$. The distribution of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Jérôme Dedecker , Aurélie Fischer , Bertrand Michel

Markov chains and diffusion processes are indispensable tools in machine learning and statistics that are used for inference, sampling, and modeling. With the growth of large-scale datasets, the computational cost associated with simulating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-31 Jonathan H. Huggins , James Zou

In many applications in statistics and machine learning, the availability of data samples from multiple possibly heterogeneous sources has become increasingly prevalent. On the other hand, in distributionally robust optimization, we seek…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-31 Tim Tsz-Kit Lau , Han Liu

We study the problem of nonparametric two-sample testing using the sliced Wasserstein (SW) distance. While prior theoretical and empirical work indicates that the SW distance offers a promising balance between strong statistical guarantees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-03 Binh Thuan Tran , Nicolas Schreuder

Consistency models, which were proposed to mitigate the high computational overhead during the sampling phase of diffusion models, facilitate single-step sampling while attaining state-of-the-art empirical performance. When integrated into…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-13 Gen Li , Zhihan Huang , Yuting Wei

The subject of this paper is the estimation of a probability measure on ${\mathbb R}^d$ from data observed with an additive noise, under the Wasserstein metric of order $p$ (with $p\geq 1$). We assume that the distribution of the errors is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-22 Jérôme Dedecker , Bertrand Michel

This paper serves as a user's guide to sampling strategies for sliced optimal transport. We provide reminders and additional regularity results on the Sliced Wasserstein distance. We detail the construction methods, generation time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Keanu Sisouk , Julie Delon , Julien Tierny

Single-cell data analysis seeks to characterize cellular heterogeneity based on high-dimensional gene expression profiles. Conventional approaches represent each cell as a vector in Euclidean space, which limits their ability to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xiang Xiang Wang , Sean Cottrell , Guo-Wei Wei

Let $\mu_N$ be the empirical measure associated to a $N$-sample of a given probability distribution $\mu$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$. We are interested in the rate of convergence of $\mu_N$ to $\mu$, when measured in the Wasserstein distance of…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Nicolas Fournier , Arnaud Guillin

The emergence of time-series foundation model research elevates the growing need to measure the (dis)similarity of time-series datasets. A time-series dataset similarity measure aids research in multiple ways, including model selection,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Hongjie Chen , Akshay Mehra , Josh Kimball , Ryan A. Rossi