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The Wasserstein metric is an important measure of distance between probability distributions, with applications in machine learning, statistics, probability theory, and data analysis. This paper provides upper and lower bounds on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-11 Shashank Singh , Barnabás Póczos

Recently, ultra high-throughput sequencing of RNA (RNA-Seq) has been developed as an approach for analysis of gene expression. By obtaining tens or even hundreds of millions of reads of transcribed sequences, an RNA-Seq experiment can offer…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-06-17 Julia Salzman , Hui Jiang , Wing Hung Wong

Modeling observations as random distributions embedded within Wasserstein spaces is becoming increasingly popular across scientific fields, as it captures the variability and geometric structure of the data more effectively. However, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-08 François Bachoc , Alberto González-Sanz , Jean-Michel Loubes , Yisha Yao

We develop a general framework for statistical inference with the 1-Wasserstein distance. Recently, the Wasserstein distance has attracted considerable attention and has been widely applied to various machine learning tasks because of its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-16 Masaaki Imaizumi , Hirofumi Ota , Takuo Hamaguchi

Profiling cellular phenotypes from microscopic imaging can provide meaningful biological information resulting from various factors affecting the cells. One motivating application is drug development: morphological cell features can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-19 Gil Tabak , Minjie Fan , Samuel J. Yang , Stephan Hoyer , Geoff Davis

In this paper, we establish sharp upper and lower bounds on the convergence rate of the empirical measures of point processes under the Wasserstein distance. To this end, we first introduce a new metric on the space of counting measures…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Dongzhou Huang , Tianyi Jiang , Haonan Wang

Data represented by probability measures arise as empirical distributions, posterior distributions, and feature-based representations of complex objects. We study heterogeneity in a population of probability measures through the expected…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Kisung You

We study nonparametric density estimation problems where error is measured in the Wasserstein distance, a metric on probability distributions popular in many areas of statistics and machine learning. We give the first minimax-optimal rates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Jonathan Niles-Weed , Quentin Berthet

We study the Wasserstein distance $W_2$ for Gaussian samples. We establish the exact rate of convergence $\sqrt{\log\log n/n}$ of the expected value of the $W_2$ distance between the empirical and true $c.d.f.$'s for the normal…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Philippe Berthet , Jean-Claude Fort

We consider a sequence of identically independently distributed random samples from an absolutely continuous probability measure in one dimension with unbounded density. We establish a new rate of convergence of the $\infty-$Wasserstein…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-03 Anning Liu , Jian-Guo Liu , Yulong Lu

We study the problem of distributional matrix completion: Given a sparsely observed matrix of empirical distributions, we seek to impute the true distributions associated with both observed and unobserved matrix entries. This is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-09 Jacob Feitelberg , Kyuseong Choi , Anish Agarwal , Raaz Dwivedi

Considering two random variables with different laws to which we only have access through finite size iid samples, we address how to reweight the first sample so that its empirical distribution converges towards the true law of the second…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Julien Reygner , Adrien Touboul

Real-time estimation of actual environment depth is an essential module for various autonomous system tasks such as localization, obstacle detection and pose estimation. During the last decade of machine learning, extensive deployment of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Christoph Angermann , Adéla Moravová , Markus Haltmeier , Steinbjörn Jónsson , Christian Laubichler

It has long been thought that high-dimensional data encountered in many practical machine learning tasks have low-dimensional structure, i.e., the manifold hypothesis holds. A natural question, thus, is to estimate the intrinsic dimension…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-01 Adam Block , Zeyu Jia , Yury Polyanskiy , Alexander Rakhlin

The Wasserstein distance between two probability measures on a metric space is a measure of closeness with applications in statistics, probability, and machine learning. In this work, we consider the fundamental question of how quickly the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Jonathan Weed , Francis Bach

The Wasserstein distance has been an attractive tool in many fields. But due to its high computational complexity and the phenomenon of the curse of dimensionality in empirical estimation, various extensions of the Wasserstein distance have…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Xianliang Xu , Zhongyi Huang

We provide upper bounds of the expected Wasserstein distance between a probability measure and its empirical version, generalizing recent results for finite dimensional Euclidean spaces and bounded functional spaces. Such a generalization…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Jing Lei

Diffusion models accomplish remarkable success in data generation tasks across various domains. However, the iterative sampling process is computationally expensive. Consistency models are proposed to learn consistency functions to map from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Yiding Chen , Yiyi Zhang , Owen Oertell , Wen Sun

Motivated by the growing popularity of variants of the Wasserstein distance in statistics and machine learning, we study statistical inference for the Sliced Wasserstein distance--an easily computable variant of the Wasserstein distance.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Tudor Manole , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Larry Wasserman

This paper is focused on the statistical analysis of probability measures $\nu_{1},\ldots,\nu_{n}$ on $\mathbb{R}$ that can be viewed as independent realizations of an underlying stochastic process. We consider the situation of practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-30 Jérémie Bigot , Raúl Gouet , Thierry Klein , Alfredo López