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Iterative self-refinement is a simple inference-time strategy for machine translation: an LLM revises its own translation over multiple inference-time passes. Yet document-scale refinement remains poorly understood: 1) which pipelines work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shaomu Tan , Dawei Zhu , Ke Tran , Michael Denkowski , Sony Trenous , Bill Byrne , Leonardo Ribeiro , Felix Hieber

Data tables play a central role in scientific papers. However, their meaning is often co-constructed with surrounding text through narrative interplay, making comprehension cognitively demanding for readers. In this work, we explore how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Liangwei Wang , Zhengxuan Zhang , Yifan Cao , Fugee Tsung , Yuyu Luo

Cross-modal retrieval is gaining increasing efficacy and interest from the research community, thanks to large-scale training, novel architectural and learning designs, and its application in LLMs and multimodal LLMs. In this paper, we move…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Davide Caffagni , Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Table foundation models bring high hopes to data science: pre-trained on tabular data to embark knowledge or priors, they should facilitate downstream tasks on tables. One specific challenge is that of data semantics: numerical entries take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Myung Jun Kim , Félix Lefebvre , Gaëtan Brison , Alexandre Perez-Lebel , Gaël Varoquaux

In mathematics, LaTeX is the de facto standard to prepare documents, e.g., scientific publications. While some formulae are still developed using pen and paper, more complicated mathematical expressions used more and more often with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-01 André Greiner-Petter

Formula recognition is an important task in document intelligence. It involves converting mathematical expressions from document images into structured symbolic formats that computers can easily work with. LaTeX is the most common format…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hongen Liu , Cheng Cui , Yuning Du , Yi Liu , Gang Pan

Document-level relation extraction (RE) aims to extract the relations between entities from the input document that usually containing many difficultly-predicted entity pairs whose relations can only be predicted through relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Liang Zhang , Jinsong Su , Yidong Chen , Zhongjian Miao , Zijun Min , Qingguo Hu , Xiaodong Shi

Currently, a substantial volume of document data exists in an unstructured format, encompassing Portable Document Format (PDF) files and images. Extracting information from these documents presents formidable challenges due to diverse table…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Lei Sheng , Shuai-Shuai Xu

READMEs shape first impressions of software projects, yet what constitutes a good README varies across audiences and contexts. Research software needs reproducibility details, while open-source libraries might prioritize quick-start guides.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Hima Mynampaty , Nathania Josephine , Katherine E. Isaacs , Andrew M. McNutt

Test-time adaptation with pre-trained vision-language models has gained increasing attention for addressing distribution shifts during testing. Among these approaches, memory-based algorithms stand out due to their training-free nature and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Wenxuan Bao , Ruxi Deng , Ruizhong Qiu , Tianxin Wei , Hanghang Tong , Jingrui He

The exponential growth of scientific literature in PDF format necessitates advanced tools for efficient and accurate document understanding, summarization, and content optimization. Traditional methods fall short in handling complex layouts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kun Qian , Wenjie Li , Tianyu Sun , Wenhong Wang , Wenhan Luo

Including LaTeX source of mathematical expressions, within the PDF document of a text-book or research paper, has definite benefits regarding `Accessibility' considerations. Here we describe three ways in which this can be done, fully…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-06-25 Ross Moore

Reliably extracting tables from PDFs is essential for large-scale scientific data mining and knowledge base construction, yet existing evaluation approaches rely on rule-based metrics that fail to capture semantic equivalence of table…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pius Horn , Janis Keuper

Many organizations rely on data from government and third-party sources, and those sources rarely follow the same data formatting. This introduces challenges in integrating data from multiple sources or aligning external sources with…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Arash Dargahi Nobari , Davood Rafiei

Document layout analysis (DLA) is the task of detecting the distinct, semantic content within a document and correctly classifying these items into an appropriate category (e.g., text, title, figure). DLA pipelines enable users to convert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jilin Wang , Michael Krumdick , Baojia Tong , Hamima Halim , Maxim Sokolov , Vadym Barda , Delphine Vendryes , Chris Tanner

Document Layout Analysis (DLA) is a fundamental task in document understanding. However, existing DLA and adaptation methods often require access to large-scale source data and target labels. This requirements severely limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Sebastian Tewes , Yufan Chen , Omar Moured , Jiaming Zhang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Iterative refinement -- start with a random guess, then iteratively improve the guess -- is a useful paradigm for representation learning because it offers a way to break symmetries among equally plausible explanations for the data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Michael Chang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Sergey Levine

This paper introduces a novel indexing and access method, called Feature- Based Adaptive Tolerance Tree (FATT), using wavelet transform is proposed to organize large image data sets efficiently and to support popular image access mechanisms…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2010-04-09 Dr. P. AnandhaKumar , V. Balamurugan

Document parsing from scanned images into structured formats remains a significant challenge due to its complexly intertwined elements such as text paragraphs, figures, formulas, and tables. Existing supervised fine-tuning methods often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Baode Wang , Biao Wu , Weizhen Li , Meng Fang , Zuming Huang , Jun Huang , Haozhe Wang , Yanjie Liang , Ling Chen , Wei Chu , Yuan Qi

PDF is one of the most prominent data formats, making PDF parsing crucial for information extraction and retrieval, particularly with the rise of RAG systems. While various PDF parsing tools exist, their effectiveness across different…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Narayan S. Adhikari , Shradha Agarwal