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Let $C_{\ell}$ be the cycle of order ${\ell}$. The square of $C_{\ell}$, denoted by $C_{\ell}^2$, is obtained by joining all pairs of vertices with distance no more than two in $C_{\ell}$. A graph is called $F$-free if it does not contain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Longfei Fang , Yanhua Zhao

Spectral graph theory studies how the eigenvalues of a graph relate to the structural properties of a graph. In this paper, we solve three open problems in spectral extremal graph theory which generalize the classical Tur\'{a}n-type…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Yongtao Li , Hong Liu , Shengtong Zhang

The Tur\'an number $\text{ex}(n,H)$ of a graph $H$ is the maximal number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. In $1983$ Chung and Erd\H{o}s asked which graphs $H$ with $e$ edges minimize $\text{ex}(n,H)$. They resolved this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Matija Bucić , Nemanja Draganić , Benny Sudakov

Given a $k$-graph $H$ a complete blow-up of $H$ is a $k$-graph $\hat{H}$ formed by replacing each $v\in V(H)$ by a non-empty vertex class $A_v$ and then inserting all edges between any $k$ vertex classes corresponding to an edge of $H$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-19 Adam Sanitt , John Talbot

For a family of graphs $\cal F$, a graph $G$ is $\cal F$-free if it does not contain a member of $\cal F$ as a subgraph. The Tur\'an number $\textrm{ex}(n,{\cal F})$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph which is $\cal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-13 Chunyang Dou , Fu-tao Hu , Xing Peng

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a 3-graph on $n$ vertices. The matching number $\nu(\mathcal{H})$ is defined as the maximum number of disjoint edges in $\mathcal{H}$. The generalized triangle $F_5$ is a 3-graph on the vertex set $\{a,b,c,d,e\}$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Jian Wang , Wenbin Wang , Weihua Yang

The Tur\'{a}n number of a graph $H$, $ex(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in any graph of order $n$ which does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. Lidick\'{y}, Liu and Palmer determined $ex(n, F_m)$ for $n$ sufficiently large and proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-04 Long-Tu Yuan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

Given an $r$-graph $H$ on $h$ vertices, and a family $\mathcal{F}$ of forbidden subgraphs, we define $\ex_{H}(n, \mathcal{F})$ to be the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in an $\mathcal{F}$-free $r$-graph on $n$ vertices. Then the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Emil R. Vaughan

Alon and Shikhelman initiated the systematic study of the following generalized Tur\'an problem: for fixed graphs $H$ and $F$ and an integer $n$, what is the maximum number of copies of $H$ in an $n$-vertex $F$-free graph? An edge-colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Dániel Gerbner , Tamás Mészáros , Abhishek Methuku , Cory Palmer

For a graph $F$, an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is a Berge-$F$ if there is a bijection $\phi:E(F)\rightarrow E(H)$ such that $e\subseteq \phi(e)$ for each $e\in E(F)$. Given a family $\mathcal{F}$ of $r$-uniform hypergraphs, an $r$-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Junpeng Zhou , Dániel Gerbner , Xiying Yuan

For two graphs $G$ and $H$, the Tur\'{a}n number $ex(G,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in a subgraph of $G$ that contains no copy of $H$. Chen, Li, and Tu determined the Tur\'{a}n numbers $ex(K_{m,n},kK_2)$ for all $k\geq 1$ [7]. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Jessica De Silva , Kristin Heysse , Adam Kapilow , Anna Schenfisch , Michael Young

Here we consider the hypergraph Tur\'an problem in uniformly dense hypergraphs as was suggested by Erd\H{o}s and S\'os. Given a $3$-graph $F$, the uniform Tur\'an density $\pi_u(F)$ of $F$ is defined as the supremum over all $d\in[0,1]$ for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-15 August Y. Chen , Bjarne Schülke

Very recently, Alon and Frankl, and Gerbner studied the maximum number of edges in $n$-vertex $F$-free graphs with bounded matching number, respectively. We consider the analogous Tur\'{a}n problems on hypergraphs with bounded matching…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Dániel Gerbner , Casey Tompkins , Junpeng Zhou

A graph homomorphism is a vertex map which carries edges from a source graph to edges in a target graph. The instances of the Weighted Maximum H-Colourable Subgraph problem (MAX H-COL) are edge-weighted graphs G and the objective is to find…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-11-18 Robert Engström , Tommy Färnqvist , Peter Jonsson , Johan Thapper

The Tur\'{a}n number $ex(n,H)$ of a graph $H$ is the maximum number of edges in any $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. The triangular pyramid of $k$-layers, denoted by $TP_k$, is a generalization of a triangle. The Tur\'an problems of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Hangdi Chen , Yaojun Chen , Xiutao Zhu

In 1986, Brualdi and Solheid firstly proposed the problem of determining the maximum spectral radius of graphs in the set $\mathcal{H}_{n,m}$ consisting of all simple connected graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, which is a very tough…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Jie Zhang , Ya-Lei Jin , Hua Wang , Jin-Xuan Yang , Xiao-Dong Zhang

It is well-known that eigenvalues of graphs can be used to describe structural properties and parameters of graphs. A theorem of Nosal states that if $G$ is a triangle-free graph with $m$ edges, then $\lambda (G)\le \sqrt{m}$, equality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Yongtao Li , Yuejian Peng

The classical extremal function for a graph $H$, $ex(K_n, H)$ is the largest number of edges in a subgraph of $K_n$ that contains no subgraph isomorphic to $H$. Note that defining $ex(K_n, H-ind)$ by forbidding induced subgraphs isomorphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Maria Axenovich , Jakob Zimmermann

In the so-called generalized Tur\'an problems we study the largest number of copies of $H$ in an $n$-vertex $F$-free graph $G$. Here we introduce a variant, where $F$ is not forbidden, but we restrict how copies of $H$ and $F$ can be placed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Dániel Gerbner

An $r$-uniform hypergraph is linear if every two edges intersect in at most one vertex. The $r$-expansion $F^{r}$ of a graph $F$ is the $r$-uniform hypergraph obtained from $F$ by enlarging each edge of $F$ with a vertex subset of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Chuan-Ming She , Yi-Zheng Fan , Liying Kang , Yaoping Hou