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Hallucination in large language models (LLMs) during long-form generation remains difficult to address under existing reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) frameworks, as their preference rewards often overlook the model's own…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Junliang Li , Yucheng Wang , Yan Chen , Yu Ran , Ruiqing Zhang , Jing Liu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance across various Data-to-Text Generation (DTG) tasks. However, generating factually consistent text in DTG remains challenging for LLMs. Despite this, in-depth evaluations of LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Joy Mahapatra , Utpal Garain

Large language models (LLMs) often fail to reason under temporal cutoffs: when prompted to answer from the standpoint of an earlier time, they exploit knowledge that became available only later. We study this failure through the lens of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Yanchen Luo , Zheyuan Liu , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang

Long-horizon reasoning in LLM-based agents often fails not from generative weakness but from insufficient verification of intermediate reasoning. Co-Sight addresses this challenge by turning reasoning into a falsifiable and auditable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Hongwei Zhang , Ji Lu , Shiqing Jiang , Chenxiang Zhu , Li Xie , Chen Zhong , Haoran Chen , Yurui Zhu , Yongsheng Du , Yanqin Gao , Lingjun Huang , Baoli Wang , Fang Tan , Peng Zou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant performance improvements across various cognitive tasks. An emerging application is using LLMs to enhance retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) capabilities. These systems require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Satyapriya Krishna , Kalpesh Krishna , Anhad Mohananey , Steven Schwarcz , Adam Stambler , Shyam Upadhyay , Manaal Faruqui

Question answering plays a pivotal role in human daily life because it involves our acquisition of knowledge about the world. However, due to the dynamic and ever-changing nature of real-world facts, the answer can be completely different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Xinyu Zhu , Cheng Yang , Bei Chen , Siheng Li , Jian-Guang Lou , Yujiu Yang

Ensuring factual consistency between the summary and the original document is paramount in summarization tasks. Consequently, considerable effort has been dedicated to detecting inconsistencies. With the advent of Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jiuding Yang , Hui Liu , Weidong Guo , Zhuwei Rao , Yu Xu , Di Niu

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly show strong performance on temporally grounded tasks, such as timeline construction, temporal question answering, and event ordering. However, it remains unclear how their behavior depends on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Damin Zhang , Julia Rayz

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on long-form, multi-step reasoning to solve complex tasks such as mathematical problem solving and scientific question answering. Despite strong performance, existing confidence estimation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenjiang Mao , Anirudhh Venkat , Artem Bisliouk , Akshat Kothiyal , Sindhura Kumbakonam Subramanian , Saithej Singhu , Ivan Ruchkin

Large Language Model (LLM) evaluation is currently one of the most important areas of research, with existing benchmarks proving to be insufficient and not completely representative of LLMs' various capabilities. We present a curated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Aisha Khatun , Daniel G. Brown

Pretrained language models (LMs) are susceptible to generate text with nonfactual information. In this work, we measure and improve the factual accuracy of large-scale LMs for open-ended text generation. We design the FactualityPrompts test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Nayeon Lee , Wei Ping , Peng Xu , Mostofa Patwary , Pascale Fung , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many tasks and will even explain their reasoning, so-called self-explanations. However, convincing and wrong self-explanations can lead to unsupported confidence in LLMs, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Andreas Madsen , Sarath Chandar , Siva Reddy

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit inconsistent behavior when answering paraphrased questions, suggesting a reliance on surface-level patterns rather than true semantic understanding. To address this limitation, we introduce RoParQ,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Minjoon Choi

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate factually inaccurate content even if they have corresponding knowledge, which critically undermines their reliability. Existing approaches attempt to mitigate this by incorporating uncertainty in QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaoning Dong , Chengyan Wu , Yajie Wen , Yu Chen , Yun Xue , Jing Zhang , Wei Xu , Bolei Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with temporal fact conflicts due to outdated or evolving information in their training data. Two recent studies with accompanying datasets report opposite conclusions on whether external context…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ritajit Dey , Iadh Ounis , Graham McDonald , Yashar Moshfeghi

As large language models (LLMs) witness increasing deployment in complex, high-stakes decision-making scenarios, it becomes imperative to ground their reasoning in causality rather than spurious correlations. However, strong performance on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuzhe Wang , Yaochen Zhu , Jundong Li

Large language models (LLMs) encode parametric knowledge about world facts and have shown remarkable performance in knowledge-driven NLP tasks. However, their reliance on parametric knowledge may cause them to overlook contextual cues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Wenxuan Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

In the realm of Large Language Model (LLM) functionalities, providing reliable information is paramount, yet reports suggest that LLM outputs lack consistency. This inconsistency, often at-tributed to randomness in token sampling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yanggyu Lee , Jihie Kim

Recent works in Task and Motion Planning (TAMP) show that training control policies on language-supervised robot trajectories with quality labeled data markedly improves agent task success rates. However, the scarcity of such data presents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jonathan Salfity , Selma Wanna , Minkyu Choi , Mitch Pryor

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly excelling and outpacing human performance on many tasks. However, to improve LLM reasoning, researchers either rely on ad-hoc generated datasets or formal mathematical proof systems such as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Nikolaus Holzer , William Fishell , Baishakhi Ray , Mark Santolucito
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