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Fulfilling user needs through Large Language Model multi-turn, multi-step tool-use is rarely a straightforward process. Real user interactions are inherently wild, being intricate, messy, and flexible. We identify three key challenges from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peijie Yu , Wei Liu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) grow in power and influence, ensuring their safety and preventing harmful output becomes critical. Automated red teaming serves as a tool to detect security vulnerabilities in LLMs without manual labor.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Weiyang Guo , Zesheng Shi , Zhuo Li , Yequan Wang , Xuebo Liu , Wenya Wang , Fangming Liu , Min Zhang , Jing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in general natural language processing tasks but often fall short in complex reasoning tasks. Recent studies have explored human-like problem-solving strategies, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhenran Xu , Senbao Shi , Baotian Hu , Jindi Yu , Dongfang Li , Min Zhang , Yuxiang Wu

The increasing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into society necessitates robust defenses against vulnerabilities from jailbreaking and adversarial prompts. This project proposes a recursive framework for enhancing the resistance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Bryan Li , Sounak Bagchi , Zizhan Wang

Red teaming is critical for identifying vulnerabilities and building trust in current LLMs. However, current automated methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on brittle prompt templates or single-turn attacks, failing to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Roman Belaire , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

High-stakes decision domains are increasingly exploring the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex decision-making tasks. However, LLM deployment in real-world settings presents challenges in data security, evaluation of its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Swati Sachan , Theo Miller , Mai Phuong Nguyen

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized our comprehension of intelligence bringing us closer to Artificial Intelligence. Since their introduction, researchers have actively explored the applications of LLMs across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Farzad Nourmohammadzadeh Motlagh , Mehrdad Hajizadeh , Mehryar Majd , Pejman Najafi , Feng Cheng , Christoph Meinel

Meeting summarization has become a critical task since digital encounters have become a common practice. Large language models (LLMs) show great potential in summarization, offering enhanced coherence and context understanding compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Frederic Kirstein , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Traditional Business Process Management (BPM) struggles with rigidity, opacity, and scalability in dynamic environments while emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) present transformative opportunities alongside risks. This paper explores…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Peter Pfeiffer , Alexander Rombach , Maxim Majlatow , Nijat Mehdiyev

Decompilers are fundamental tools for critical security tasks, from vulnerability discovery to malware analysis, yet their evaluation remains fragmented. Existing approaches primarily focus on syntactic correctness through synthetic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Zeyu Gao , Yuxin Cui , Hao Wang , Siliang Qin , Yuanda Wang , Bolun Zhang , Chao Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) offer promising capabilities for automating academic workflows, existing systems for academic peer review remain constrained by text-only inputs, limited contextual grounding, and a lack of actionable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Mengze Hong , Di Jiang , Weiwei Zhao , Yawen Li , Yihang Wang , Xinyuan Luo , Yanjie Sun , Chen Jason Zhang

The significant increase in software production driven by automation and faster development lifecycles has resulted in a corresponding surge in software vulnerabilities. In parallel, the evolving landscape of software vulnerability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yuejun Guo , Constantinos Patsakis , Qiang Hu , Qiang Tang , Fran Casino

We argue that LLM agent security is fundamentally an agent-human interaction (AHI) problem, not a purely algorithmic one. To substantiate this position, we conduct a systematic analysis of 59 academic papers, 21 production agent systems,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peiran Wang , Ying Li , Yuan Tian

Mastering a skill generally relies on both hands-on experience from doers and insightful, high-level guidance by mentors. Will this strategy also work well for solving complex non-convex optimization problems? Here, a common gradient-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

Recently, multi-Large Language Model (LLM) frameworks have been proposed to solve contextualized tasks. However, these frameworks do not explicitly emulate human team role division, which may lead to a single perspective, thereby weakening…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiangyu Wang , Jin Wu , Haoran Shi , Wei Xia , Jiarui Yu , Chanjin Zheng

Recent advances in LLMs have greatly improved general-domain NLP tasks. Yet, their adoption in critical domains, such as clinical trial recruitment, remains limited. As trials are designed in natural language and patient data is represented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Shrestha Ghosh , Moritz Schneider , Carina Reinicke , Carsten Eickhoff

Cybersecurity post-incident reviews are essential for identifying control failures and improving organisational resilience, yet they remain labour-intensive, time-consuming, and heavily reliant on expert judgment. This paper investigates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Huan Lin Oh , Jay Yong Jun Jie , Mandy Lee Ling Siu , Jonathan Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reinforcement learning (RL) models, such as planning and reasoning capabilities. However, the problems of LLMs and RL model collaboration still need to be solved. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made progress in various real-world tasks, which stimulates requirements for the evaluation of LLMs. Existing LLM evaluation methods are mainly supervised signal-based which depends on static datasets and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Jiatong Li , Rui Li , Qi Liu

While much prior work examines Large Language Models (LLMs) for solo development tasks (e.g., coding), far less is known about how LLMs shape collaborative group work in software engineering. This study focuses on one such collaborative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Victoria Jackson , Yoonha Cha , Rafael Prikladnicki , André van der Hoek