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Deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained IoT devices remains a challenging problem, often requiring hardware modifications tailored to individual AI models. Existing accelerator-generation tools, such as AMD's FINN, do…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are used in a wide range of applications, with full-precision CNNs achieving high accuracy at the expense of portability. Recent progress in quantization techniques has demonstrated that sub-byte…

Real-time Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference with low-latency requirement has become increasingly important for numerous applications in both cloud computing (e.g., Apple's Siri) and edge computing (e.g., Google/Waymo's driverless car).…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Weiwen Jiang , Edwin H. -M. Sha , Xinyi Zhang , Lei Yang , Qingfeng Zhuge , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

On-chip DNN inference and training at the Extreme-Edge (TinyML) impose strict latency, throughput, accuracy and flexibility requirements. Heterogeneous clusters are promising solutions to meet the challenge, combining the flexibility of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Angelo Garofalo , Yvan Tortorella , Matteo Perotti , Luca Valente , Alessandro Nadalini , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi , Francesco Conti

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising, energy-efficient alternative to standard Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and are particularly well-suited to spatio-temporal tasks such as keyword spotting and video classification. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zainab Aizaz , James C. Knight , Thomas Nowotny

Deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained mobile devices presents significant challenges, particularly in achieving real-time performance while simultaneously coping with limited computational resources and battery life.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zekai Sun , Xiuxian Guan , Zheng Lin , Zihan Fang , Xiangming Cai , Zhe Chen , Fangming Liu , Heming Cui , Jie Xiong , Wei Ni , Chau Yuen

Neural Networks (NNs) have been widely adopted due to their outstanding efficacy and adaptability across computer vision and deep learning applications. The optimization of NNs is necessary to enable their deployment on energy constrained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pragun Jaswal , L. Hemanth Krishna , B. Srinivasu

Compared to the first generation of deep neural networks, dominated by regular, compute-intensive kernels such as matrix multiplications (MatMuls) and convolutions, modern decoder-based transformers interleave attention, normalization, and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Max Wipfli , Gamze İslamoğlu , Navaneeth Kunhi Purayil , Angelo Garofalo , Luca Benini

Analog computing has reemerged as a promising avenue for accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to its potential to overcome the energy efficiency and scalability challenges posed by traditional digital architectures. However,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Cansu Demirkiran , Lakshmi Nair , Darius Bunandar , Ajay Joshi

Contemporary Deep Neural Network (DNN) contains millions of synaptic connections with tens to hundreds of layers. The large computation and memory requirements pose a challenge to the hardware design. In this work, we leverage the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Jingyang Zhu , Jingbo Jiang , Xizi Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown superior performance in a variety of tasks. As they rapidly evolve, their escalating computation and memory demands make it challenging to deploy them on resource-constrained edge devices. Though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jiaqi Gu , Hanqing Zhu , Chenghao Feng , Mingjie Liu , Zixuan Jiang , Ray T. Chen , David Z. Pan

Endpoint devices for Internet-of-Things not only need to work under extremely tight power envelope of a few milliwatts, but also need to be flexible in their computing capabilities, from a few kOPS to GOPS. Near-threshold(NT) operation can…

RISC-V CPUs leverage the RVV (RISC-V Vector) extension to accelerate data-parallel workloads. In addition to arithmetic operations, RVV includes powerful permutation instructions that enable flexible element rearrangement within vector…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Vasileios Titopoulos , George Alexakis , Chrysostomos Nicopoulos , Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos

Deep neural network (DNN) inference is increasingly being executed on mobile and embedded platforms due to several key advantages in latency, privacy and always-on availability. However, due to limited computing resources, efficient DNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Lei Xun , Jonathon Hare , Geoff V. Merrett

Mixed-precision neural networks (MPNNs) that enable the use of just enough data width for a deep learning task promise significant advantages of both inference accuracy and computing overhead. FPGAs with fine-grained reconfiguration…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Erjing Luo , Haitong Huang , Cheng Liu , Guoyu Li , Bing Yang , Ying Wang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

RISC-V provides a flexible and scalable platform for applications ranging from embedded devices to high-performance computing clusters. Particularly, its RISC-V Vector Extension (RVV) becomes of interest for the acceleration of AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Federico Nicolas Peccia , Frederik Haxel , Oliver Bringmann

The effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for tasks such as Automatic Speech Recognition has fostered interest in RNN inference acceleration. Due to the recurrent nature and data dependencies of RNN computations, prior work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Reza Yazdani , Olatunji Ruwase , Minjia Zhang , Yuxiong He , Jose-Maria Arnau , Antonio Gonzalez

Distributed deep neural networks (DNNs) have become central to modern computer vision, yet their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices remains hindered by substantial parameter counts, computational demands, and the probability of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mahadev Sunil Kumar , Arnab Raha , Debayan Das , Gopakumar G , Rounak Chatterjee , Amitava Mukherjee

Computer vision on low-power edge devices enables applications including search-and-rescue and security. State-of-the-art computer vision algorithms, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), are too large for inference on low-power edge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Abhinav Goel , Caleb Tung , Xiao Hu , George K. Thiruvathukal , James C. Davis , Yung-Hsiang Lu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become indispensable in many real-life applications like natural language processing, and autonomous systems. However, deploying DNNs on resource-constrained devices, e.g., in RISC-V platforms, remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Theologos Anthimopoulos , Milad Kokhazadeh , Vasilios Kelefouras , Benjamin Himpel , Georgios Keramidas