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Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in scientific imaging systems such as synchrotron and laboratory-based nano-CT, but acquiring full-view sinograms requires high radiation dose and long scan times. Sparse-view CT reduces this burden…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Jiaze E , Srutarshi Banerjee , Tekin Bicer , Guannan Wang , Yanfu Zhang , Bin Ren

Spectral computed tomography (CT) with photon-counting detectors holds immense potential for material discrimination and tissue characterization. However, under ultra-low-dose conditions, the sharply degraded signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Peng Peng , Xinrui Zhang , Junlin Wang , Lei Li , Shaoyu Wang , Qiegen Liu

Many interesting tasks in image restoration can be cast as linear inverse problems. A recent family of approaches for solving these problems uses stochastic algorithms that sample from the posterior distribution of natural images given the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Bahjat Kawar , Michael Elad , Stefano Ermon , Jiaming Song

The development of fast and accurate image reconstruction algorithms is a central aspect of computed tomography. In this paper, we investigate this issue for the sparse data problem in photoacoustic tomography (PAT). We develop a direct and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Stephan Antholzer , Markus Haltmeier , Johannes Schwab

Computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in lung malignancy diagnostics and therapy assessment and facilitating precision medicine delivery. However, the use of personalized imaging protocols poses a challenge in large-scale…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-06 Md Selim , Jie Zhang , Baowei Fei , Guo-Qiang Zhang , Jin Chen

Generative diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in producing high-quality images. However, these models typically operate in continuous intensity spaces, diffusing independently across pixels and color channels. As a result,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Javier E. Santos , Agnese Marcato , Roman Colman , Nicholas Lubbers , Yen Ting Lin

We present the RAW domain diffusion model (RDDM), an end-to-end diffusion model that restores photo-realistic images directly from the sensor RAW data. While recent sRGB-domain diffusion methods achieve impressive results, they are caught…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yan Chen , Yi Wen , Wei Li , Junchao Liu , Yong Guo , Jie Hu , Xinghao Chen

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) has become the main stay for materials characterization on atomic level, with applications ranging from visualization of localized and extended defects to mapping order parameter fields. In…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-01-15 Xin Li , Ondrej Dyck , Sergei V. Kalinin , Stephen Jesse

Limited-angle electron tomography aims to reconstruct 3D shapes from 2D projections of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) within a restricted range and number of tilting angles, but it suffers from the missing-wedge problem that causes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhantao Deng , Mériem Er-Rafik , Anna Sushko , Cécile Hébert , Pascal Fua

Inverse problems arise in a multitude of applications, where the goal is to recover a clean signal from noisy and possibly (non)linear observations. The difficulty of a reconstruction problem depends on multiple factors, such as the ground…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Diffusion-based extreme image compression methods have achieved impressive performance at extremely low bitrates. However, constrained by the iterative denoising process that starts from pure noise, these methods are limited in both…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Zhiyuan Li , Yanhui Zhou , Hao Wei , Chenyang Ge , Ajmal Mian

Computed tomography is widely used to examine internal structures in a non-destructive manner. To obtain high-quality reconstructions, one typically has to acquire a densely sampled trajectory to avoid angular undersampling. However, many…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-10 Haoyu Wei , Florian Schiffers , Tobias Würfl , Daming Shen , Daniel Kim , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos , Oliver Cossairt

Using recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) brought by diffusion models, this paper introduces a new synergistic method for spectral computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Diffusion models define a neural network to…

Segment Anything Models (SAMs), known for their exceptional zero-shot segmentation performance, have garnered significant attention in the research community. Nevertheless, their performance drops significantly on severely degraded,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Guangqian Guo , Aixi Ren , Yong Guo , Xuehui Yu , Jiacheng Tian , Wenli Li , Chaowei Wang , Yaoxing Wang , Shan Gao

Significance: Dynamic photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a valuable technique for monitoring physiological processes. However, current dynamic PACT techniques are often limited to 2D spatial imaging. While volumetric PACT imagers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-03 Refik M. Cam , Chao Wang , Weylan Thompson , Sergey A. Ermilov , Mark A. Anastasio , Umberto Villa

Computed tomography (CT) is widely utilized in clinical settings because it delivers detailed 3D images of the human body. However, performing CT scans is not always feasible due to radiation exposure and limitations in certain surgical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-19 Xuhui Liu , Zhi Qiao , Runkun Liu , Hong Li , Juan Zhang , Xiantong Zhen , Zhen Qian , Baochang Zhang

4D time-space reconstruction of dynamic events or deforming objects using X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important inverse problem in non-destructive evaluation. Conventional back-projection based reconstruction methods assume that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 K. Aditya Mohan , Massimiliano Ferrucci , Chuck Divin , Garrett A. Stevenson , Hyojin Kim

Recently, compressed sensing (CS) computed tomography (CT) using sparse projection views has been extensively investigated to reduce the potential risk of radiation to patient. However, due to the insufficient number of projection views, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Yo Seob Han , Jaejun Yoo , Jong Chul Ye

Low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging attracted a considerable interest for the reduction of the object's exposure to X-ray radiation. In recent years, supervised deep learning (DL) has been extensively studied for LDCT image reconstruction, which…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Qiaoqiao Ding , Hui Ji , Yuhui Quan , Xiaoqun Zhang

Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has generated great research interest, as it can provide both spatial and temporal information for clinical diagnosis. However, slow imaging speed or long scanning time is still one of the challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ziwen Ke , Shanshan Wang , Huitao Cheng , Leslie Ying , Qiegen Liu , Hairong Zheng , Dong Liang