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A perfect code in a graph $\Gamma = (V, E)$ is a subset $C$ of $V$ such that no two vertices in $C$ are adjacent and every vertex in $V \setminus C$ is adjacent to exactly one vertex in $C$. A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is called a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Ankan Shaw , Shibesh Kotal , Satya Bagchi

The \emph{difference subgroup graph} $D(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$, with two distinct vertices $H$ and $K$ adjacent if and only if $\langle H, K \rangle = G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Angsuman Das , Arnab Mandal , Labani Sarkar

We associate a graph $\mathcal{C}_G$ to a non locally cyclic group $G$ (called the non-cyclic graph of $G$) as follows: take $G\backslash Cyc(G)$ as vertex set, where $Cyc(G)=\{x\in G | < x,y> \text{is cyclic for all} y\in G\}$ is called…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-10-03 Alireza Abdollahi , A. Mohammadi Hassanabadi

Let G be a group. The intersection graph G(G) of G is an undirected graph without loops and multiple edges defined as follows: the vertex set is the set of all proper nontrivial subgroups of G; and there is an edge between two distinct…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-13 Ergün Yaraneri

The prime coprime graph $\Theta(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G$ and any two distinct vertices are adjacent if the greatest common divisor of their orders is either $1$ or a prime. In this paper, we investigate…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Ravi Ranjan , Shubh N. Singh

Let $G$ be a graph and $\mathcal{K}_G$ be the set of all cliques of $G$, then the clique graph of G denoted by $K(G)$ is the graph with vertex set $\mathcal{K}_G$ and two elements $Q_i,Q_j \in \mathcal{K}_G$ form an edge if and only if $Q_i…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-18 S. M. Hegde , V. V. P. R. V. B. Suresh Dara

We define and study a special type of hypergraph. A $\sigma$-hypergraph $H= H(n,r,q$ $\mid$ $\sigma$), where $\sigma$ is a partition of $r$, is an $r$-uniform hypergraph having $nq$ vertices partitioned into $ n$ classes of $q$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-21 Christina Zarb

The clique graph $kG$ of a graph $G$ has as its vertices the cliques (maximal complete subgraphs) of $G$, two of which are adjacent in $kG$ if they have non-empty intersection in $G$. We say that $G$ is clique convergent if $k^nG\cong k^m…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Anna M. Limbach , Martin Winter

Let $G$ be a finite group. Define a graph on the set $G^{\#} = G \setminus \{ 1 \}$ by declaring distinct elements $x,y\in G^{\#}$ to be adjacent if and only if $\langle x,y\rangle$ is cyclic. Denote this graph by $\Delta(G)$. The graph…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-10 David G. Costanzo , Mark L. Lewis , Stefano Schmidt , Eyob Tsegaye , Gabe Udell

Marius T\u{a}rn\u{a}uceanu described the finite groups $G$ having $|G|-1$ cyclic subgroups. We describe the finite groups $G$ having $|G|-\Delta$ cyclic subgroups for $\Delta=2, 3, 4$ and $5$.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Richard Belshoff , Joe Dillstrom , Les Reid

For a finite group $G$ and for a fixed positive integer $k$, $k\geq 2$, the $k$-power graph of $G$ is an undirected simple graph with vertex set $G$ in which two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $x^k=y$ or $y^k=x$.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-26 Swathi V , M S Sunitha

Consider a one-ended word-hyperbolic group. If it is the fundamental group of a graph of free groups with cyclic edge groups then either it is the fundamental group of a surface or it contains a finitely generated one-ended subgroup of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Henry Wilton

For a graph $G$, let $\sigma_{2}(G)$ be the minimum degree sum of two non-adjacent vertices in $G$. A chord of a cycle in a graph $G$ is an edge of $G$ joining two non-consecutive vertices of the cycle. In this paper, we prove the following…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Shuya Chiba , Suyun Jiang , Jin Yan

A cyclic base ordering of a connected graph $G$, is a cyclic ordering of $E(G)$ such that every cyclically consecutive $|V(G)|-1$ edges form a spanning tree. In this project, we study cyclic base ordering of various families of graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-05 Jessica Li , Eric Yang , William Zhang

We prove that the subgroup graph of a finite group $G$ is regular if and only if $G$ is cyclic with square-free order.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Andrea Lucchini

The relative Cayley graph of a group $G$ with respect to its proper subgroup $H$, is a graph whose vertices are elements of $G$ and two vertices $h\in H$ and $g\in G$ are adjacent if $g=hc$ for some $c\in C$, where $C$ is an inversed-closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-14 Mohammad Farrokhi Derakhshandeh Ghouchan , Mehdi Rajabian , Ahmad Erfanian

The power graph of an arbitrary group $G$ is a simple graph with all elements of $G$ as its vertices and two vertices are adjacent if one is a positive power of another. In this paper, we generalize this concept to a graph whose vertices…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-03 Abbas Jafarzadeh , Peyman Niroomand , Mohsen Parvizi

Let $G$ be a group. The intersection graph of subgroups of $G$, denoted by $\mathscr{I}(G)$, is a graph with all the proper subgroups of $G$ as its vertices and two distinct vertices in $\mathscr{I}(G)$ are adjacent if and only if the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-03 R. Rajkumar , P. Devi

A tight Hamilton cycle in a $k$-uniform hypergraph ($k$-graph) $G$ is a cyclic ordering of the vertices of $G$ such that every set of $k$ consecutive vertices in the ordering forms an edge. R\"{o}dl, Ruci\'{n}ski, and Szemer\'{e}di proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Stefan Glock , Stephen Gould , Felix Joos , Daniela Kühn , Deryk Osthus

This article investigates the properties of order-divisor graphs associated with finite groups. An order-divisor graph of a finite group is an undirected graph in which the set of vertices includes all elements of the group, and two…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Shafiq ur Rehman , Raheela Tahir , Farhat Noor