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We propose a novel decoding approach for neural machine translation (NMT) based on continuous optimisation. We convert decoding - basically a discrete optimization problem - into a continuous optimization problem. The resulting constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Cong Duy Vu Hoang , Gholamreza Haffari , Trevor Cohn

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in English, but their performance degrades significantly on low-resource languages (LRLs) due to English-centric training. While methods like LangBridge align LLMs with multilingual encoders such as the…

Recent advances in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), particularly those leveraging Chain-of-Thought reasoning (CoT), have opened brand new possibility for Machine Translation (MT). This position paper argues that LRMs substantially transformed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Sinuo Liu , Chenyang Lyu , Minghao Wu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Zifu Shang

Decoder-only transformers have become the standard architecture for large language models (LLMs) due to their strong performance. Recent studies suggest that, in pre-trained LLMs, early, middle, and late layers may serve distinct roles:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xuan Luo , Weizhi Wang , Xifeng Yan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance in general machine translation, yet their ability in culture-aware scenarios remains poorly understood. To bridge this gap, we introduce CanMT, a Culture-Aware Novel-Driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zekun Yuan , Yangfan Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Baohang Li , Qichen Hong , Yunfei Lu , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

We introduce MT-LENS, a framework designed to evaluate Machine Translation (MT) systems across a variety of tasks, including translation quality, gender bias detection, added toxicity, and robustness to misspellings. While several toolkits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Javier García Gilabert , Carlos Escolano , Audrey Mash , Xixian Liao , Maite Melero

This paper introduces a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) for machine translation (MT). We start with one conjecture: an ideal translation should contain complete and accurate information for a strong enough LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jianqiao Wangni

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems typically employ maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding to select the highest-scoring translation from the distribution mass. However, recent evidence highlights the inadequacy of MAP decoding, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Di Wu , Yibin Lei , Christof Monz

Multilingual toxicity detection remains a significant challenge due to the scarcity of training data and resources for many languages. While prior work has leveraged the translate-test paradigm to support cross-lingual transfer across a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Samuel J. Bell , Eduardo Sánchez , David Dale , Pontus Stenetorp , Mikel Artetxe , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Despite the known limitations, most machine translation systems today still operate on the sentence-level. One reason for this is, that most parallel training data is only sentence-level aligned, without document-level meta information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Frithjof Petrick , Christian Herold , Pavel Petrushkov , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

Machine translation (MT) in the medical domain plays a pivotal role in enhancing healthcare quality and disseminating medical knowledge. Despite advancements in English-Thai MT technology, common MT approaches often underperform in the…

Multilingual machine translation, which translates multiple languages with a single model, has attracted much attention due to its efficiency of offline training and online serving. However, traditional multilingual translation usually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Xu Tan , Yi Ren , Di He , Tao Qin , Zhou Zhao , Tie-Yan Liu

A new paradigm for machine translation has recently emerged: fine-tuning large language models (LLM) on parallel text has been shown to outperform dedicated translation systems trained in a supervised fashion on much larger amounts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Aquia Richburg , Marine Carpuat

Code-switching is a common phenomenon among multilingual speakers, where alternation between two or more languages occurs within the context of a single conversation. While multilingual humans can seamlessly switch back and forth between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Thamme Gowda , Mozhdeh Gheini , Jonathan May

Multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT) trained in multiple language pairs has attracted considerable attention due to fewer model parameters and lower training costs by sharing knowledge among multiple languages. Nonetheless,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Jian Yang , Yuwei Yin , Shuming Ma , Dongdong Zhang , Zhoujun Li , Furu Wei

Multilingual machine translation enables a single model to translate between different languages. Most existing multilingual machine translation systems adopt a randomly initialized Transformer backbone. In this work, inspired by the recent…

Machine Translation models are trained to translate a variety of documents from one language into another. However, models specifically trained for a particular characteristics of the documents tend to perform better. Fine-tuning is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Alberto Poncelas , Gideon Maillette de Buy Wenniger , Andy Way

The dominance of large decoder-only language models has overshadowed encoder-decoder architectures, despite their fundamental efficiency advantages in sequence processing. For small language models (SLMs) - those with 1 billion parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Mohamed Elfeki , Rui Liu , Chad Voegele

This paper describes Tencent's multilingual machine translation systems for the WMT22 shared task on Large-Scale Machine Translation Evaluation for African Languages. We participated in the $\mathbf{constrained}$ translation track in which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Wenxiang Jiao , Zhaopeng Tu , Jiarui Li , Wenxuan Wang , Jen-tse Huang , Shuming Shi

In this paper we present our work on a case study between Statistical Machien Transaltion (SMT) and Rule-Based Machine Translation (RBMT) systems on English-Indian langugae and Indian to Indian langugae perspective. Main objective of our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Sreelekha S