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The task of graph-level anomaly detection (GLAD) is to identify anomalous graphs that deviate significantly from the majority of graphs in a dataset. While deep GLAD methods have shown promising performance, their black-box nature limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qiuran Zhao , Kai Ming Ting , Xinpeng Li

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) such as MiniGPT-4 and LLaVA have demonstrated the capability of understanding images and achieved remarkable performance in various visual tasks. Despite their strong abilities in recognizing common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zhaopeng Gu , Bingke Zhu , Guibo Zhu , Yingying Chen , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Deep anomaly detection (AD) aims to provide robust and efficient classifiers for one-class and unbalanced settings. However current AD models still struggle on edge-case normal samples and are often unable to keep high performance over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Loic Jezequel , Ngoc-Son Vu , Jean Beaudet , Aymeric Histace

Detecting anomalies in images is an important task, especially in real-time computer vision applications. In this work, we focus on computational efficiency and propose a lightweight feature extractor that processes an image in less than a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Kilian Batzner , Lars Heckler , Rebecca König

Although deep learning has been applied to successfully address many data mining problems, relatively limited work has been done on deep learning for anomaly detection. Existing deep anomaly detection methods, which focus on learning new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Guansong Pang , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Anomaly detection (AD) plays an important role in various real-world applications. Recent advancements in AD, however, are often biased towards industrial inspection, struggle to generalize to broader tasks like semantic anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hangil Park , Yongmin Seo , Tae-Kyun Kim

Though anomaly detection (AD) can be viewed as a classification problem (nominal vs. anomalous) it is usually treated in an unsupervised manner since one typically does not have access to, or it is infeasible to utilize, a dataset that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Billy Joe Franks , Klaus-Robert Müller , Marius Kloft

Anomaly detection in complex industrial environments poses unique challenges, particularly in contexts characterized by data sparsity and evolving operational conditions. Predictive maintenance (PdM) in such settings demands methodologies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Alicia Russell-Gilbert , Sudip Mittal , Shahram Rahimi , Maria Seale , Joseph Jabour , Thomas Arnold , Joshua Church

Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) aims to detect anomalies in unseen domains without target-domain adaptation. Recent CLIP-based methods have shown promising performance by leveraging prompt learning and visual-text alignment. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinyu Zhao , Qingyun Sun , Jiayi Luo , Jianxin Li

Modern software systems have become increasingly complex, which makes them difficult to test and validate. Detecting software partial anomalies in complex systems at runtime can assist with handling unintended software behaviors, avoiding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Shiyi Kong , Jun Ai , Minyan Lu , Shuguang Wang , W. Eric Wong

Distance-based methods involve the computation of distance values between features and are a well-established paradigm in machine learning. In anomaly detection, anomalies are identified by their large distance from normal data points.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 Siddharth Chaini , Federica B. Bianco , Ashish Mahabal

Anomaly detection is the task of identifying rarely occurring (i.e. anormal or anomalous) samples that differ from almost all other samples in a dataset. As the patterns of anormal samples are usually not known a priori, this task is highly…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-30 Nicolas Thewes , Philipp Steinhauer , Patrick Trampert , Markus Pauly , Georg Schneider

Supervised anomaly detection methods perform well in identifying known anomalies that are well represented in the training set. However, they often struggle to generalise beyond the training distribution due to decision boundaries that lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zahra Zamanzadeh Darban , Qizhou Wang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Geoffrey I. Webb , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Mahsa Salehi

Anomaly detection is crucial to ensure the security of cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, due to the increasing complexity of CPSs and more sophisticated attacks, conventional anomaly detection methods, which face the growing volume of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Yuan Luo , Ya Xiao , Long Cheng , Guojun Peng , Danfeng Daphne Yao

Previous industrial anomaly detection methods often struggle to handle the extensive diversity in training sets, particularly when they contain stylistically diverse and feature-rich samples, which we categorize as feature-rich anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Fengjie Wang , Chengming Liu , Lei Shi , Pang Haibo

Most existing anomaly detection (AD) methods require a dedicated model for each category. Such a paradigm, despite its promising results, is computationally expensive and inefficient, thereby failing to meet the requirements for realworld…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Chaoqin Huang , Haoyan Guan , Aofan Jiang , Ya Zhang , Michael Spratling , Xinchao Wang , Yanfeng Wang

Anomaly detection (AD) is essential in identifying rare and often critical events in complex systems, finding applications in fields such as network intrusion detection, financial fraud detection, and fault detection in infrastructure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Hao Dong , Gaëtan Frusque , Yue Zhao , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

The increasing digitization of medical imaging enables machine learning based improvements in detecting, visualizing and segmenting lesions, easing the workload for medical experts. However, supervised machine learning requires reliable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Maximilian E. Tschuchnig , Michael Gadermayr

Anomaly detection is facing with emerging challenges in many important industry domains, such as cyber security and online recommendation and advertising. The recent trend in these areas calls for anomaly detection on time-evolving data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Zheng Gao , Lin Guo , Chi Ma , Xiao Ma , Kai Sun , Hang Xiang , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Hongsong Li , Xiaozhong Liu

Existing industrial anomaly detection methods mainly determine whether an anomaly is present. However, real-world applications also require discovering and classifying multiple anomaly types. Since industrial anomalies are semantically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Botong Zhao , Qijun Shi , Shujing Lyu , Yue Lu