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We investigate subset-based optimization methods for positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction incorporating a regularizing prior. PET reconstruction methods that use a prior, such as the relative difference prior (RDP), are…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Zeljko Kereta , Georg Schramm

Nesterov's accelerated forward-backward algorithm (AFBA) is an efficient algorithm for solving a class of two-term convex optimization models consisting of a differentiable function with a Lipschitz continuous gradient plus a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Yizun Lin , Si Li , Yunzhong Zhang

We develop a sketch-based factor reduction and a Nesterov-accelerated projected gradient algorithm (NPGA) with GPU acceleration, yielding a doubly accelerated solver for large-scale constrained mean-variance portfolio optimization. Starting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Yi-Shuai Niu , Yajuan Wang

Despite their frequent slow convergence, proximal gradient schemes are widely used in large-scale optimization tasks due to their tremendous stability, scalability, and ease of computation. In this paper, we develop and investigate a…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-19 Nicholas C. Henderson , Ravi Varadhan

We develop a projected Nesterov's proximal-gradient (PNPG) approach for sparse signal reconstruction that combines adaptive step size with Nesterov's momentum acceleration. The objective function that we wish to minimize is the sum of a…

Computation · Statistics 2017-05-09 Renliang Gu , Aleksandar Dogandžić

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to speed-up the convergence of accelerated proximal gradient (APG) methods. In order to minimize a convex function $f(\mathbf{x})$, our algorithm introduces a simple line search step after each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-19 Ziming Zhang , Venkatesh Saligrama

Nesterov's accelerated gradient (AG) is a popular technique to optimize objective functions comprising two components: a convex loss and a penalty function. While AG methods perform well for convex penalties, such as the LASSO, convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Kai Yang , Masoud Asgharian , Sahir Bhatnagar

Various types of parameter restart schemes have been proposed for accelerated gradient algorithms to facilitate their practical convergence in convex optimization. However, the convergence properties of accelerated gradient algorithms under…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Yi Zhou , Zhe Wang , Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang , Vahid Tarokh

The proximal point method (PPM) is a fundamental method in optimization that is often used as a building block for designing optimization algorithms. In this work, we use the PPM method to provide conceptually simple derivations along with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-03 Kwangjun Ahn , Suvrit Sra

Alternating gradient-descent-ascent (AltGDA) is an optimization algorithm that has been widely used for model training in various machine learning applications, which aims to solve a nonconvex minimax optimization problem. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Ziyi Chen , Shaocong Ma , Yi Zhou

Proximal gradient algorithms (PGA), while foundational for inverse problems like image reconstruction, often yield unstable convergence and suboptimal solutions by violating the critical non-negativity constraint. We identify the gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hanzhang Wang , Zonglin Liu , Jingyi Xu , Chenyang Wang , Zhiwei Zhong , Qiangqiang Shen

Many important machine learning applications involve regularized nonconvex bi-level optimization. However, the existing gradient-based bi-level optimization algorithms cannot handle nonconvex or nonsmooth regularizers, and they suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Ziyi Chen , Bhavya Kailkhura , Yi Zhou

We present a unifying framework for adapting the update direction in gradient-based iterative optimization methods. As natural special cases we re-derive classical momentum and Nesterov's accelerated gradient method, lending a new intuitive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-12 Aleksandar Botev , Guy Lever , David Barber

Nesterov's accelerated gradient methods (AGM) have been successfully applied in many machine learning areas. However, their empirical performance on training max-margin models has been inferior to existing specialized solvers. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-11-03 Xinhua Zhang , Ankan Saha , S. V. N. Vishwanathan

In this paper, we propose Nesterov Accelerated Shuffling Gradient (NASG), a new algorithm for the convex finite-sum minimization problems. Our method integrates the traditional Nesterov's acceleration momentum with different shuffling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Trang H. Tran , Katya Scheinberg , Lam M. Nguyen

The Fast Proximal Gradient Method (FPGM) and the Monotone FPGM (MFPGM) for minimization of nonsmooth convex functions are introduced and applied to tomographic image reconstruction. Convergence properties of the sequence of objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Elias S. Helou , Marcelo V. W. Zibetti , Gabor T. Herman

We investigated the imaging performance of a fast convergent ordered-subsets algorithm with subiteration-dependent preconditioners (SDPs) for positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction. In particular, we considered the use of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-09 Jianfeng Guo , C. Ross Schmidtlein , Andrzej Krol , Si Li , Yizun Lin , Sangtae Ahn , Charles Stearns , Yuesheng Xu

Various acceleration approaches for Policy Gradient (PG) have been analyzed within the realm of Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, the theoretical understanding of the widely used momentum-based acceleration method on PG remains largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yen-Ju Chen , Nai-Chieh Huang , Ching-Pei Lee , Ping-Chun Hsieh

Proximal gradient-based optimization is one of the most common strategies to solve inverse problem of images, and it is easy to implement. However, these techniques often generate heavy artifacts in image reconstruction. One of the most…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-13 Xiaohong Fan , Yin Yang , Ke Chen , Yujie Feng , Jianping Zhang

We introduce a new algorithm for complex image reconstruction with separate regularization of the image magnitude and phase. This optimization problem is interesting in many different image reconstruction contexts, although is nonconvex and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-17 Yunsong Liu , Justin P. Haldar
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