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Facts are subject to contingencies and can be true or false in different circumstances. One such contingency is time, wherein some facts mutate over a given period, e.g., the president of a country or the winner of a championship.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Constanza Fierro , Nicolas Garneau , Emanuele Bugliarello , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Anders Søgaard

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at temporal reasoning tasks like event ordering and duration estimation, their ability to perceive the actual passage of time remains unexplored. We investigate whether LLMs perceive the passage of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Minghan Wang , Ye Bai , Thuy-Trang Vu , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Large Language Models (LLMs) are important tools for reasoning and problem-solving, while they often operate passively, answering questions without actively discovering new ones. This limitation reduces their ability to simulate human-like…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hong Su

Humans continuously make new discoveries, and understanding temporal sequence of events leading to these breakthroughs is essential for advancing science and society. This ability to reason over time allows us to identify future steps and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Abhilash Shankarampeta , Harsh Mahajan , Tushar Kataria , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Temporal reasoning is fundamental for large language models (LLMs) to comprehend the world. Current temporal reasoning datasets are limited to questions about single or isolated events, falling short in mirroring the realistic temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Zhaochen Su , Juntao Li , Jun Zhang , Tong Zhu , Xiaoye Qu , Pan Zhou , Yan Bowen , Yu Cheng , Min zhang

Reasoning about time is essential for understanding the nuances of events described in natural language. Previous research on this topic has been limited in scope, characterized by a lack of standardized benchmarks that would allow for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao

Long-term memory (LTM) is essential for large language models (LLMs) to achieve autonomous intelligence in complex, evolving environments. Despite increasing efforts in memory-augmented and retrieval-based architectures, there remains a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Luanbo Wan , Weizhi Ma

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant changes to many aspects of our lives. However, assessing and ensuring their chronological knowledge remains challenging. Existing approaches fall short in addressing the temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yein Park , Chanwoong Yoon , Jungwoo Park , Donghyeon Lee , Minbyul Jeong , Jaewoo Kang

This paper explores the robustness of language models (LMs) to variations in the temporal context within factual knowledge. It examines whether LMs can correctly associate a temporal context with a past fact valid over a defined period, by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hichem Ammar Khodja , Frédéric Béchet , Quentin Brabant , Alexis Nasr , Gwénolé Lecorvé

The temporal aspect is a significant dimension of our reality. We notice the challenge that large language models (LLMs) face when engaging in temporal reasoning. Our preliminary experiments show that methods involving the generation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingxuan Li , Liying Cheng , Qingyu Tan , Hwee Tou Ng , Shafiq Joty , Lidong Bing

While large language models (LLMs) excel in mathematical and code reasoning, we observe they struggle with social reasoning tasks, exhibiting cognitive confusion, logical inconsistencies, and conflation between objective world states and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jialu Du , Guiyang Hou , Yihui Fu , Chen Wu , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Weiming Lu

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the development of benchmarks that consider temporal dynamics, however, there remains a gap in understanding how well these models can generalize across temporal contexts due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Chenghao Zhu , Nuo Chen , Yufei Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Prayag Tiwari , Benyou Wang

The proliferation of online news poses a challenge to extracting structured timelines from unstructured content. While recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can assist Timeline Summarization (TLS), these approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Liancheng Zhang , Xiaoxi Li , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text token-by-token in discrete time, yet real-world communication, from therapy sessions to business negotiations, critically depends on continuous time constraints. Current LLM architectures and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Neil K. R. Sehgal , Sharath Chandra Guntuku , Lyle Ungar

Time series analysis is essential for comprehending the complexities inherent in various realworld systems and applications. Although large language models (LLMs) have recently made significant strides, the development of artificial general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ming Jin , Yifan Zhang , Wei Chen , Kexin Zhang , Yuxuan Liang , Bin Yang , Jindong Wang , Shirui Pan , Qingsong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized conversational AI, yet their robustness in extended multi-turn dialogues remains poorly understood. Existing evaluation frameworks focus on static benchmarks and single-turn assessments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yubo Li , Ramayya Krishnan , Rema Padman

As the knowledge landscape evolves and large language models (LLMs) become increasingly widespread, there is a growing need to keep these models updated with current events. While existing benchmarks assess general factual recall, few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Thales Sales Almeida , Giovana Kerche Bonás , João Guilherme Alves Santos , Hugo Abonizio , Rodrigo Nogueira

Traditional time series analysis has long relied on pattern recognition, trained on static and well-established benchmarks. However, in real-world settings -- where policies shift, human behavior adapts, and unexpected events unfold --…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xinlei Wang , Mingtian Tan , Jing Qiu , Junhua Zhao , Jinjin Gu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) rise in popularity, it is necessary to assess their capability in critically relevant domains. We present a comprehensive evaluation framework, grounded in science communication research, to assess LLM…

Time series data are central to domains such as finance, healthcare, and cloud computing, yet existing benchmarks for evaluating various large language models (LLMs) on temporal tasks remain scattered and unsystematic. To bridge this gap,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yao Yin , Zhenyu Xiao , Musheng Li , Yiwen Liu , Sutong Nan , Yiting He , Ruiqi Wang , Zhenwei Zhang , Qingmin Liao , Yuantao Gu