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In this work, we propose an approach for assessing sensitivity to unobserved confounding in studies with multiple outcomes. We demonstrate how prior knowledge unique to the multi-outcome setting can be leveraged to strengthen causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-26 Jiajing Zheng , Jiaxi Wu , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

The principal stratification has become a popular tool to address a broad class of causal inference questions, particularly in dealing with non-compliance and truncation-by-death problems. The causal effects within principal strata which…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-20 Shanshan Luo , Wei Li , Wang Miao , Yangbo He

Causal inference is best understood using potential outcomes. This use is particularly important in more complex settings, that is, observational studies or randomized experiments with complications such as noncompliance. The topic of this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Donald B. Rubin

We develop inference procedures for longitudinal data where some of the measurements are censored by fixed constants. We consider a semi-parametric quantile regression model that makes no distributional assumptions. Our research is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-04-02 Huixia Judy Wang , Mendel Fygenson

A very classical problem in statistics is to test the stochastic superiority of one distribution to another. However, many existing approaches are developed for independent samples and, moreover, do not take censored data into account. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-19 Dennis Dobler , Kathrin Möllenhoff

We introduce a Bayesian nonparametric inference approach for aggregate adverse event (AE) monitoring across studies. The proposed model seamlessly integrates external data from historical trials to define a relevant background rate and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-10 Shijie Yuan , Kevin Roberts , Noirrit Kiran Chandra , Yuan Ji , Peter Müller

Case-I interval-censored (current status) data from multistate systems are often encountered in biomedical and epidemiological studies. In this article, we focus on the problem of estimating state entry distribution and occupation…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-12 Samuel Anyaso-Samuel , Somnath Datta

In most real-world systems units are interconnected and can be represented as networks consisting of nodes and edges. For instance, in social systems individuals can have social ties, family or financial relationships. In settings where…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-31 Laura Forastiere , Fabrizia Mealli , Albert Wu , Edoardo Airoldi

Survival analysis is a statistical technique used to estimate the time until an event occurs. Although it is applied across a wide range of fields, adjusting for reporting delays under practical constraints remains a significant challenge…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-27 Yuta Shikuri , Hironori Fujisawa

In situations with non-manipulable exposures, interventions can be targeted to shift the distribution of intermediate variables between exposure groups to define interventional disparity indirect effects. In this work, we present a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-18 Helene C. W. Rytgaard , Amalie Lykkemark Møller , Thomas A. Gerds

Cluster sampling is common in survey practice, and the corresponding inference has been predominantly design-based. We develop a Bayesian framework for cluster sampling and account for the design effect in the outcome modeling. We consider…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Susanna Makela , Yajuan Si , Andrew Gelman

The study of survival data often requires taking proper care of the censoring mechanism that prohibits complete observation of the data. Under right censoring, only the first occurring event is observed: either the event of interest, or a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Myrthe D'Haen , Ingrid Van Keilegom , Anneleen Verhasselt

In this paper, we first provide a review of different non-parametric estimators for the cumulative distribution function under left-censoring. We then propose a new estimator based on a non-parametric likelihood approach using reversed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-11 N. Balakrishnan , Christian Paroissin , Magdalena Pereda Vivo

We present new results on average causal effects in settings with unmeasured exposure-outcome confounding. Our results are motivated by a class of estimands, e.g., frequently of interest in medicine and public health, that are currently not…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-25 Lan Wen , Aaron L. Sarvet , Mats J. Stensrud

Causal inference with observational data can be performed under an assumption of no unobserved confounders (unconfoundedness assumption). There is, however, seldom clear subject-matter or empirical evidence for such an assumption. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-13 Minna Genbäck , Xavier de Luna

It is often of interest to study the association between covariates and the cumulative incidence of a right-censored time-to-event outcome. When time-varying covariates are measured on a fixed discrete time scale, it is desirable to account…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Hongxiang Qiu , Marco Carone , Alex Luedtke , Peter B. Gilbert

We provide new results for nonparametric identification, estimation, and inference of causal effects using `proxy controls': observables that are noisy but informative proxies for unobserved confounding factors. Our analysis applies to…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-11-22 Ben Deaner

Accurately predicting the time of occurrence of an event of interest is a critical problem in longitudinal data analysis. One of the main challenges in this context is the presence of instances whose event outcomes become unobservable after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-26 Ping Wang , Yan Li , Chandan K. Reddy

Marginal structural models are a popular method for estimating causal effects in the presence of time-varying exposures. In spite of their popularity, no scalable non-parametric estimator exist for marginal structural models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Axel Martin , Michele Santacatterina , Iván Díaz

Estimating the effects of interventions in networks is complicated when the units are interacting, such that the outcomes for one unit may depend on the treatment assignment and behavior of many or all other units (i.e., there is…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-08-15 Dean Eckles , Brian Karrer , Johan Ugander