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Handling heterogeneous data in tabular datasets poses a significant challenge for deep learning models. While attention-based architectures and self-supervised learning have achieved notable success, their application to tabular data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Anay Majee , Maria Xenochristou , Wei-Peng Chen

Tables present summarized and structured information to the reader, which makes table structure extraction an important part of document understanding applications. However, table structure identification is a hard problem not only because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Saqib Ali Khan , Syed Muhammad Daniyal Khalid , Muhammad Ali Shahzad , Faisal Shafait

The first phase of table recognition is to detect the tabular area in a document. Subsequently, the tabular structures are recognized in the second phase in order to extract information from the respective cells. Table detection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Khurram Azeem Hashmi , Marcus Liwicki , Didier Stricker , Muhammad Adnan Afzal , Muhammad Ahtsham Afzal , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal

We present UniModel, a unified generative model that jointly supports visual understanding and visual generation within a single pixel-to-pixel diffusion framework. Our goal is to achieve unification along three axes: the model, the tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Chi Zhang , Jiepeng Wang , Youming Wang , Yuanzhi Liang , Xiaoyan Yang , Zuoxin Li , Haibin Huang , Xuelong Li

Modeling semantic and structural information from tabular data remains a core challenge for effective table understanding. Existing Table-as-Text approaches flatten tables for large language models (LLMs), but lose crucial structural cues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xiaobo Xing , Wei Yuan , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Xiangliang Zhang , Hongzhi Yin

Tabular data in digital documents is widely used to express compact and important information for readers. However, it is challenging to parse tables from unstructured digital documents, such as PDFs and images, into machine-readable format…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Bin Xiao , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Ala Abu Alkheir

Tables serve as a fundamental format for representing structured relational data. While current language models (LMs) excel at many text-based tasks, they still face challenges in table understanding due to the complex characteristics of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Lang Cao , Hanbing Liu

To address the challenges of table structure recognition, we propose a novel Split-Merge-based top-down model optimized for large, densely populated tables. Our approach formulates row and column splitting as sequence labeling tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Qiyu Hou , Jun Wang

Table structure recognition is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of documents. Tables in unstructured business documents are tough to parse due to the high diversity of layouts, varying alignments of contents, and the presence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Sachin Raja , Ajoy Mondal , C V Jawahar

Table structure recognition aims to extract the logical and physical structure of unstructured table images into a machine-readable format. The latest end-to-end image-to-text approaches simultaneously predict the two structures by two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yongshuai Huang , Ning Lu , Dapeng Chen , Yibo Li , Zecheng Xie , Shenggao Zhu , Liangcai Gao , Wei Peng

Recently, significant progress has been made applying machine learning to the problem of table structure inference and extraction from unstructured documents. However, one of the greatest challenges remains the creation of datasets with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Brandon Smock , Rohith Pesala , Robin Abraham

Tabular data is frequently captured in image form across a wide range of real-world scenarios such as financial reports, handwritten records, and document scans. These visual representations pose unique challenges for machine understanding,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuoyan Xu , Haoyang Fang , Boran Han , Bonan Min , Bernie Wang , Cuixiong Hu , Shuai Zhang

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have notably enhanced their ability to reason with tabular data, primarily through program-aided mechanisms that manipulate and analyze tables. However, these methods often require the entire…

Table structure recognition is a crucial part of document image analysis domain. Its difficulty lies in the need to parse the physical coordinates and logical indices of each cell at the same time. However, the existing methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Zengyuan Guo , Yuechen Yu , Pengyuan Lv , Chengquan Zhang , Haojie Li , Zhihui Wang , Kun Yao , Jingtuo Liu , Jingdong Wang

Currently, vision encoder models like Vision Transformers (ViTs) typically excel at image recognition tasks but cannot simultaneously support text recognition like human visual recognition. To address this limitation, we propose UNIT, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Yi Zhu , Yanpeng Zhou , Chunwei Wang , Yang Cao , Jianhua Han , Lu Hou , Hang Xu

Document structure analysis, such as zone segmentation and table recognition, is a complex problem in document processing and is an active area of research. The recent success of deep learning in solving various computer vision and machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Shah Rukh Qasim , Hassan Mahmood , Faisal Shafait

Incorporating external knowledge bases in traditional retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) relies on parsing the document, followed by querying a language model with the parsed information via in-context learning. While effective for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jacob Si , Mike Qu , Michelle Lee , Marek Rei , Yingzhen Li

We present TableBank, a new image-based table detection and recognition dataset built with novel weak supervision from Word and Latex documents on the internet. Existing research for image-based table detection and recognition usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Minghao Li , Lei Cui , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei , Ming Zhou , Zhoujun Li

Scientific documents contain tables that list important information in a concise fashion. Structure and content extraction from tables embedded within PDF research documents is a very challenging task due to the existence of visual features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Pratik Kayal , Mrinal Anand , Harsh Desai , Mayank Singh

Information extraction from semi-structured webpages provides valuable long-tailed facts for augmenting knowledge graph. Relational Web tables are a critical component containing additional entities and attributes of rich and diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Daheng Wang , Prashant Shiralkar , Colin Lockard , Binxuan Huang , Xin Luna Dong , Meng Jiang